1955 AMC 12 第 36 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

36.

一个水平放置的圆柱形油罐,内部长 1010 英尺,内径为 66 英尺。若油面的矩形面积为 4040 平方英尺,则油的深度为:

A cylindrical oil tank, lying horizontally, has an interior length of 1010 feet and an interior diameter of 66 feet. If the rectangular surface of the oil has an area of 4040 square feet, the depth of the oil is:

5\sqrt5

252\sqrt5

353-\sqrt5

3+53+\sqrt5

353-\sqrt53+53+\sqrt5

either 353-\sqrt5 or 3+53+\sqrt5

答案:E
知识点:circle chordhorizontal cylinderPythagorean theorem
难度评级:1740
小提示:

油面是长为 1010 的矩形,所以宽为 44

The oil surface is a rectangle of length 1010, so its width is 44

大提示:

在圆形端面中,长为 44 的弦到圆心的距离为 3222\sqrt{3^2-2^2}

In the circular end, a chord of length 44 lies 3222\sqrt{3^2-2^2} from the center

解答:

矩形油面的长为 1010,所以它在圆形截面中的弦宽为 4010=4\frac{40}{10}=4。半弦长为 22,半径为 33,因此圆心到弦的距离为 3222=5 \sqrt{3^2-2^2}=\sqrt5\text{。}这样长的弦可以位于圆心下方,也可以位于圆心上方。从油罐底部量起,相应的深度为 353-\sqrt53+53+\sqrt5

因此,正确答案是 E

The rectangular surface has length 10,10, so its chord width in the circular cross-section is 4010=4.\frac{40}{10}=4. Half the chord is 2,2, and the radius is 3,3, so the distance from the center to the chord is 3222=5. \sqrt{3^2-2^2}=\sqrt5. A chord of this length can lie either below or above the center. Measured from the bottom of the tank, the corresponding depths are 353-\sqrt5 and 3+5.3+\sqrt5.

Thus, the correct answer is E.

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