1961 AMC 12 第 36 题

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36.

在三角形 ABCABC 中,从 AA 引出的中线垂直于从 BB 引出的中线。若 BC=7BC=7AC=6AC=6,求 ABAB 的长度。

In triangle ABCABC the median from AA is perpendicular to the median from B.B. If BC=7BC=7 and AC=6,AC=6, find the length of AB.AB.

44

17\sqrt{17}

4.254.25

252\sqrt5

4.54.5

答案:B
知识点:中线(几何)向量坐标几何
难度评级:1710
小提示:

AA 置于原点,用向量表示 BBCC

Put AA at the origin and represent BB and CC by vectors

大提示:

写出两条中线的方向向量,并令其点积为零

Write direction vectors for the two medians and set their dot product to zero

解答:

A=0A=\mathbf0B=bB=\mathbf bC=cC=\mathbf c,其中 b=|\mathbf b|=\ellc=6|\mathbf c|=6,且 cb=7|\mathbf c-\mathbf b|=7。从 AABB 引出的中线方向分别为 b+c2\frac{\mathbf b+\mathbf c}{2}c2b\frac{\mathbf c}{2}-\mathbf b。其点积为零,故 (b+c)(c2b)=0 (\mathbf b+\mathbf c)\mathbin{\cdot}(\mathbf c-2\mathbf b)=0\text{。}使用 bc=2+36492\mathbf b\mathbin{\cdot}\mathbf c=\frac{\ell^2+36-49}{2},化简得 2=17\ell^2=17。所以 AB=17AB=\sqrt{17}

因此,正确答案是 B

Let A=0,A=\mathbf0, B=b,B=\mathbf b, and C=c,C=\mathbf c, with b=,|\mathbf b|=\ell, c=6,|\mathbf c|=6, and cb=7.|\mathbf c-\mathbf b|=7. The median directions are b+c2\frac{\mathbf b+\mathbf c}{2} from AA and c2b\frac{\mathbf c}{2}-\mathbf b from B.B. Their dot product is zero, so (b+c)(c2b)=0. (\mathbf b+\mathbf c)\mathbin{\cdot}(\mathbf c-2\mathbf b)=0. Using bc=2+36492,\mathbf b\mathbin{\cdot}\mathbf c=\frac{\ell^2+36-49}{2}, this simplifies to 2=17.\ell^2=17. Hence AB=17.AB=\sqrt{17}.

Therefore, the correct answer is B.

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