1962 AMC 12 第 36 题

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36.

xxyy 都是整数,则方程 (x8)(x10)=2y(x-8)(x-10)=2^y 有多少组解?

If both xx and yy are integers, how many solutions are there to the equation (x8)(x10)=2y?(x-8)(x-10)=2^y?

00

11

22

33

多于 33

more than 33

答案:C
知识点:丢番图方程2的幂平方差
难度评级:1900
小提示:

将左边改写为 (x9)21(x-9)^2-1

Rewrite the left side as (x9)21(x-9)^2-1

大提示:

n=x9n=x-9,则相邻的两个偶数因式 n1n-1n+1n+1 都必须是 22 的幂

If n=x9,n=x-9, then the consecutive even factors n1n-1 and n+1n+1 must both be powers of 22

解答:

n=x9n=x-9。则 2y=n21=(n1)(n+1) 2^y=n^2-1=(n-1)(n+1)\text{。}由于乘积是 22 的幂,两个因式都不能含有奇素因子。相差 22 且均为带符号的 22 的幂的相邻偶数,只有 (4,2)(-4,-2)(2,4)(2,4)。因此 n=±3n=\pm3y=3y=3,给出 x=6x=61212。共有 22 个有序数对 (x,y)(x,y)

所以正确答案是 C

Put n=x9.n=x-9. Then 2y=n21=(n1)(n+1). 2^y=n^2-1=(n-1)(n+1). Since the product is a power of 2,2, both factors must have no odd prime divisor. The only consecutive even integers differing by 22 that are both signed powers of 22 are (4,2)(-4,-2) and (2,4).(2,4). Thus n=±3n=\pm3 and y=3,y=3, giving x=6x=6 or 12.12. There are 22 ordered pairs (x,y).(x,y).

Therefore, the correct answer is C.

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