2019 AMC 10B Problem 16

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Concepts:angle chasingisosceles triangletrigonometry

Difficulty rating: 1890

16.

In ABC\triangle ABC with a right angle at C,C, point DD lies in the interior of AB\overline{AB} and point EE lies in the interior of BC\overline{BC} so that AC=CD,AC=CD, DE=EB,DE=EB, and the ratio AC:DE=4:3.AC:DE=4:3. What is the ratio AD:DB?AD:DB?

2:3 2:3

2:5 2:\sqrt{5}

1:1 1:1

3:5 3:\sqrt{5}

3:2 3:2

Solution:

Let AC=4.AC=4. From this, we get CD=4,ED=3,BE=3.CD=4,ED=3,BE=3.

Notice that EDB=EBD,\angle EDB = \angle EBD,CAD=CDA, \angle CAD = \angle CDA, so EDB+CDA=90.\angle EDB + \angle CDA = 90 ^\circ. Thus, EDC=90.\angle EDC = 90^\circ. From the Pythagorean Theorem, we get EC=32+42EC = \sqrt{3^2+4^2} =25= \sqrt{25}=5.=5. Therefore, BC=8.BC = 8. This makes tanBAC=84=2.\tan BAC = \frac 84 = 2.

Now, we can get BD=23cosBBD = 2\cdot 3\cos B =6sinA= 6\sin A and AD=24cosAAD = 2\cdot 4\cos A =8cosA.= 8\cos A . Thus, ADBD=8cosA6sinA\frac{AD}{BD} = \frac{8 \cos A}{6\sin A}=43tanA = \frac 4{3 \tan A} =432=\frac 4{3\cdot 2}=23. = \frac 23.

Thus, the answer is A .

Problem 16 in Other Years