2015 AMC 10A 第 16 题

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16.

若 y+4=(x−2)2,y+4 = (x-2)^2\text{,} x+4=(y−2)2, x+4 = (y-2)^2\text{,} 且 x≠yx \neq y,求下式的值: x2+y2x^2+y^2

If y+4=(x−2)2,y+4 = (x-2)^2, x+4=(y−2)2, x+4 = (y-2)^2, and x≠y,x \neq y, what is the value of x2+y2x^2+y^2

1010

1515

2020

2525

3030

答案:B
知识点:方程组对称性(代数)代数变形
难度评级:1420
小提示:

分别把两个方程相加和相减。

Add and subtract the two equations separately

大提示:

因为 x≠yx\ne y,可以把差方程除以 x−yx-y。

Since x≠yx\ne y, divide the difference equation by x−yx-y

解答:

展开并相加两个方程,得到 x2+y2−4x−4y+8 x^2 + y^2 - 4x - 4y + 8 =x+y+8。 = x + y + 8\text{。} 整理得 x2+y2=5(x+y)。 x^2 + y^2 = 5(x + y)\text{。} 两式相减,得到 x2−y2−4x+4y=y−x。 x^2 - y^2 - 4x + 4y = y - x\text{。} 再整理得 x2−y2=3(x−y)。 x^2 - y^2 = 3(x - y)\text{。} 因为 x≠yx \neq y,两边可除以 x−yx - y,得到 x+y=3 x + y = 3 x2+y2=15。 x^2 + y^2 = 15\text{。}

所以正确答案是 B。

Adding the two equations gives us x2+y2−4x−4y+8 x^2 + y^2 - 4x - 4y + 8 =x+y+8. = x + y + 8. We can rearrange this equation to get x2+y2=5(x+y). x^2 + y^2 = 5(x + y). We can then subtract them to get x2−y2−4x+4y=y−x. x^2 - y^2 - 4x + 4y = y - x. Once again rearranging, we can find x2−y2=3(x−y). x^2 - y^2 = 3(x - y). We have that x≠y,x \neq y, which means that we can divide both sides by x−y.x - y. This gives us x+y=3 x + y = 3 x2+y2=15. x^2 + y^2 = 15.

Thus, B is the correct answer.

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