2017 AMC 10A 第 24 题

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24.

对某些实数 aabbcc 多项式 有三个不同的根,并且 g(x)g(x) 的每个根也都是多项式 的根。求 f(1)f(1)g(x)=x3+ax2+x+10g(x) = x^3 + ax^2 + x + 10 f(x)=x4+x3+bx2+100x+c. \begin{aligned} f(x) &= x^4 + x^3 \\ &\quad {}+ bx^2 + 100x + c. \end{aligned}

For certain real numbers a,a, b,b, and c,c, the polynomial g(x)=x3+ax2+x+10g(x) = x^3 + ax^2 + x + 10 has three distinct roots, and each root of g(x)g(x) is also a root of the polynomial f(x)=x4+x3+bx2+100x+c. \begin{aligned} f(x) &= x^4 + x^3 \\ &\quad {}+ bx^2 + 100x + c. \end{aligned} What is f(1)?f(1)?

9009-9009

8008-8008

7007-7007

6006-6006

5005-5005

答案:C
知识点:多项式因式分解
难度评级:2110
解答:

因为三次多项式 gg 的三个不同实根也是首一四次多项式 f,f, 的根,所以可写成 f(x)=g(x)(xr)f(x)=g(x)(x-r),其中 r.r. 是某个实数。

乘积中 xx 的系数为 10r,10-r,所以 10r=10010-r=100,得 r=90.r=-90. x3x^3 的系数为 ar,a-r,所以 ar=1a-r=1,得 a=89.a=-89.

因此 f(1)=g(1)(1r)=(189+1+10)(91)=(77)(91)=7007.\begin{aligned} f(1)&=g(1)(1-r)\\ &=(1-89+1+10)(91)\\ &=(-77)(91)\\ &=-7007. \end{aligned}

所以正确答案是 C

Because the three distinct roots of the cubic gg are also roots of the monic quartic f,f, we can write f(x)=g(x)(xr)f(x)=g(x)(x-r) for some real number r.r.

The coefficient of xx in this product is 10r,10-r, so 10r=10010-r=100 and r=90.r=-90. The coefficient of x3x^3 is ar,a-r, so ar=1a-r=1 and a=89.a=-89.

Therefore, f(1)=g(1)(1r)=(189+1+10)(91)=(77)(91)=7007.\begin{aligned} f(1)&=g(1)(1-r)\\ &=(1-89+1+10)(91)\\ &=(-77)(91)\\ &=-7007. \end{aligned}

Thus, C is the correct answer.

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