2013 AMC 10B 第 15 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

15.

一根铁丝被剪成两段,长度分别为 aabb。长度为 aa 的一段弯成等边三角形,长度为 bb 的一段弯成正六边形。三角形和六边形面积相等。ab\frac{a}{b} 是多少?

A wire is cut into two pieces, one of length aa and the other of length b.b. The piece of length aa is bent to form an equilateral triangle, and the piece of length bb is bent to form a regular hexagon. The triangle and the hexagon have equal area. What is ab?\frac{a}{b}?

11

62\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}

3\sqrt{3}

22

322\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}

答案:B
知识点:正多边形等边三角形长度、面积与体积的缩放关系
难度评级:1420
小提示:

把正六边形看成六个小等边三角形。

Compare the side length of the large equilateral triangle with the small equilateral triangles inside the hexagon

大提示:

面积按边长的平方缩放。

Areas scale as the square of side length

解答:

设等边三角形的边长为 ss,面积为 AA。则 a=3sa=3s

边长为 ss 的正六边形由 66 个边长为 ss 的等边三角形组成,面积为 6A6A

若正六边形面积也为 AA,它的边长应为 s6\dfrac{s}{\sqrt 6} ,所以 b=6s6=s6b = 6\cdot \dfrac{s}{\sqrt 6} = s\sqrt 6\text{。}

因此 ab=3ss6=366=62\dfrac ab = \dfrac{3s}{s\sqrt 6} = \dfrac{3 \sqrt 6}6 = \dfrac{\sqrt 6} 2\text{。}

所以正确答案是 B

Let ss be the side length of the equilateral triangle and AA its area. Then a=3s.a=3s.

A regular hexagon of side length ss consists of 66 equilateral triangles of side length s,s, so its area is 6A.6A.

Therefore, a regular hexagon of area AA has side length s6.\dfrac{s}{\sqrt 6} . Hence b=6s6=s6.b = 6\cdot \dfrac{s}{\sqrt 6} = s\sqrt 6 .

It follows that ab=3ss6=366=62.\dfrac ab = \dfrac{3s}{s\sqrt 6} = \dfrac{3 \sqrt 6}6 = \dfrac{\sqrt 6} 2.

Thus, the correct answer is B.

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