2013 AMC 10A 第 19 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

19.

1010 进制中,数 20132013 的末位数字是 33。另一方面,在 99 进制中,同一个数写作 (2676)9(2676)_9,末位数字是 66。有多少个正整数 bb,使得 20132013bb 进制表示以数字 33 结尾?

In base 10,10, the number 20132013 ends in the digit 3.3. In base 9,9, on the other hand, the same number is written as (2676)9(2676)_9 and ends in the digit 6.6. For how many positive integers bb does the base-bb-representation of 20132013 end in the digit 3?3?

66

99

1313

1616

1818

答案:C
知识点:进制模运算因数个数
难度评级:1420
解答:

进制表示的末位数字就是除以底数后的余数。

因此问题等价于寻找所有正整数 bb,使 20132013 除以 bb33

这意味着 bb 必须整除 20102010。此外 b4b \geq 4,否则余数不可能是 33

20102010 的质因数分解为 因此 20102010 有 个正因数。它有 33 个小于 44 的因数,即 1,21, 233,都不能作为底数。因此有效的 bb163=1316 - 3 = 13 个。 2010=23567. 2010 = 2 \cdot 3 \cdot 5 \cdot 67. (1+1)4=24=16 (1 + 1)^4 = 2^4 = 16

所以正确答案是 C

Note that the units digit represents the remainder when the number is divided by the base.

The question then boils down to finding all numbers, b,b, such that 20132013 leaves a remainder of 33 when divided by b.b.

This means that bb must divide 2010.2010. Also note that b4,b \geq 4, since otherwise the remainder cannot be 3.3.

The prime factorization of 20102010 is 2010=23567. 2010 = 2 \cdot 3 \cdot 5 \cdot 67. Then, 20102010 has (1+1)4=24=16 (1 + 1)^4 = 2^4 = 16 factors. It has 33 factors less than 4,4, namely 1,2,1, 2, and 3.3. This means there are 163=1316 - 3 = 13 valid values for b.b.

Thus, C is the correct answer.

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