2023 AMC 10A 第 19 题

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19.

A(1,2)A(1, 2)B(3,3)B(3, 3) 形成的线段,绕点 P(r,s)P(r, s) 旋转后变成由 A(3,1)A'(3, 1)B(4,3)B'(4, 3) 形成的线段。求 rs|r - s|

The line segment formed by A(1,2)A(1, 2) and B(3,3)B(3, 3) is rotated to the line segment formed by A(3,1)A'(3, 1) and B(4,3)B'(4, 3) about the point P(r,s).P(r, s). What is rs?|r - s|?

14\dfrac{1}{4}

12\dfrac{1}{2}

34\dfrac{3}{4}

23\dfrac{2}{3}

11

答案:E
知识点:变换垂直平分线坐标几何
难度评级:1730
解答:

旋转使中心到每个点及其像的距离相等。因此 PPAAAA' 等距,也到 BBBB' 等距,所以它是两条垂直平分线的交点。从 (3,3)(3,3)(4,3)(4,3) 的线段 BBBB' 的垂直平分线是 x=3.5x = 3.5。从 (1,2)(1,2)(3,1)(3,1) 的线段 AAAA' 的垂直平分线是 2xy=2.52x - y = 2.5。于是 y=2(3.5)2.5=4.5y = 2(3.5) - 2.5 = 4.5,所以 P=(3.5,4.5)P = (3.5, 4.5)rs=3.54.5=1|r - s| = |3.5 - 4.5| = 1。因此,正确答案是 E

A rotation keeps its center equidistant from each point and its image. So PP is equidistant from AA and A,A', and from BB and B,B', which puts it at the intersection of two perpendicular bisectors. The bisector of BBBB' from (3,3)(3,3) to (4,3)(4,3) is x=3.5.x = 3.5. The bisector of AAAA' from (1,2)(1,2) to (3,1)(3,1) is 2xy=2.5.2x - y = 2.5. Then y=2(3.5)2.5=4.5,y = 2(3.5) - 2.5 = 4.5, so P=(3.5,4.5)P = (3.5, 4.5) and rs=3.54.5=1.|r - s| = |3.5 - 4.5| = 1. Thus, E is the correct answer.

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