2016 AMC 10A 第 20 题

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20.

对某个特定的 NN,展开 (a+b+c+d+1)N(a+b+c+d+1)^N 并合并同类项后,所得表达式中恰好有 10011001 项同时包含四个变量 aabbccdd,且每个变量的指数都为正。求 NN

For some particular value of N,N, when (a+b+c+d+1)N(a+b+c+d+1)^N is expanded and like terms are combined, the resulting expression contains exactly 10011001 terms that include all four variables a,a, b,b, c,c, and d,d, each to some positive power. What is N?N?

99

1414

1616

1717

1919

答案:B
知识点:隔板法组合
难度评级:1660
解答:

同时包含四个变量的项形如 avbwcxdya^vb^wc^xd^y,其中 v,w,x,y1v,w,x,y\ge1,还可乘以 11 的某个幂 zzv+w+x+y+z=N.v+w+x+y+z=N.

v,w,x,yv,w,x,y 各减去 11 后,得到 55 个非负整数,其和为 N4N-4。因此这样的项数为 (N4).\binom{N}{4}.

由于 (144)=1001\binom{14}{4}=1001,所以 N=14N=14

所以正确答案是 B

A term that includes all four variables has form avbwcxdya^vb^wc^xd^y, with v,w,x,y1v,w,x,y\ge1, multiplied by some power of 11. If that power is zz, then v+w+x+y+z=N.v+w+x+y+z=N.

After subtracting 11 from each of v,w,x,yv,w,x,y, this becomes a nonnegative stars-and-bars count with 55 variables summing to N4N-4. The number of such terms is (N4).\binom{N}{4}.

Since (144)=1001\binom{14}{4}=1001, we get N=14N=14.

Thus, the correct answer is B.

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