2005 AMC 10A 第 20 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

20.

一个等角八边形有四条边长为 11,四条边长为 22\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2},并且任意两条相邻边长度不同。这个八边形的面积是多少?

An equiangular octagon has four sides of length 11 and four sides of length 22,\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}, arranged so that no two consecutive sides have the same length. What is the area of the octagon?

72\dfrac{7}{2}

722\dfrac{7\sqrt{2}}{2}

5+422\dfrac{5 + 4\sqrt{2}}{2}

4+522\dfrac{4 + 5\sqrt{2}}{2}

77

答案:A
知识点:等角多边形面积分割特殊直角三角形
难度评级:1760
小提示:

等角八边形的每个内角为 135135^\circ;把八边形放入一个较大的正方形中。

Every interior angle of an equiangular octagon is 135;135^\circ; enclose the octagon in a larger square

大提示:

四条短边是等腰直角三角形的斜边,这些三角形直角边为 12\frac{1}{2},从边长 22 的正方形四角切去。

The four short sides are hypotenuses of isosceles right triangles with legs 12,\frac{1}{2}, cut from a square of side 22

解答:

延长四条长为 11 的边可形成一个正方形。每条短边 22\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2} 是等腰直角三角形的斜边,对应直角边为 12\dfrac{1}{2},因此八边形可看作从边长 1+212=21 + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{2} = 2 的正方形四角切去四个这样的三角形,面积为 22412(12)2=412=722^2 - 4 \cdot \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2 = 4 - \frac{1}{2} = \dfrac{7}{2}

所以正确答案是 A

Extend the four sides of length 11 to form a square. Each short side 22\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2} is the hypotenuse of an isosceles right triangle with legs 12,\dfrac{1}{2}, and cutting these four corners from a square of side 1+212=21 + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{2} = 2 gives the octagon. Its area is 22412(12)2=412=72.2^2 - 4 \cdot \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2 = 4 - \frac{1}{2} = \dfrac{7}{2}.

Thus, the correct answer is A.

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