2014 AMC 10B 第 11 题

先试着解答 2014 AMC 10B 第 11 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2014 AMC 10B 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

11.

对消费者来说,单次 n%n\% 折扣比下面任何一种折扣都更划算:
(1)(1) 连续两次 15%15\% 折扣;
(2)(2) 连续三次 10%10\% 折扣;
(3)(3) 先 25%25\% 折扣,再 5%5\% 折扣。
nn 的最小正整数值是多少?
For the consumer, a single discount of n%n\% is more advantageous than any of the following discounts:
(1)(1) Two successive 15%15\% discounts.
(2)(2) Three successive 10%10\% discounts.
(3)(3) A 25%25\% discount followed by a 5%5\% discount.
What is the smallest possible positive integer value of n?n?
  27\ \ 27
 28\ 28
 29\ 29
 31\ 31
 33\ 33
答案:C
知识点:百分数不等式
小提示:
把每组叠加折扣转化为最终支付原价的比例。
Convert each stacked discount into the final fraction of the price paid
大提示:
单次折扣必须超过三种有效折扣中的最大者。
The single discount must exceed the largest of the three effective discounts
解答:
三种连续折扣方案分别使顾客支付标价的 0.852=0.7225,0.93=0.729,0.75(0.95)=0.7125 \begin{aligned} 0.85^2&=0.7225,\\ 0.9^3&=0.729,\\ 0.75(0.95)&=0.7125 \end{aligned} 倍。因此它们的实际折扣分别为 27.75%27.75\%、27.1%27.1\% 和 28.75%28.75\%。
单次 n%n\% 折扣必须大于这三个折扣,所以 n>28.75n>28.75。符合条件的最小正整数是 2929。
所以正确答案是 C。
The three successive-discount plans leave the customer paying 0.852=0.7225,0.93=0.729,0.75(0.95)=0.7125 \begin{aligned} 0.85^2&=0.7225,\\ 0.9^3&=0.729,\\ 0.75(0.95)&=0.7125 \end{aligned} times the listed price. Their effective discounts are therefore 27.75%27.75\%, 27.1%27.1\%, and 28.75%28.75\%.
A single n%n\% discount must exceed all three, so n>28.75n>28.75. The smallest positive integer that works is 2929.
Thus, the correct answer is C .
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