2010 AMC 10B 第 11 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

11.

一位购物者计划购买一件标价大于 $100\$100 的商品,并且可以使用三张优惠券中的任意一张。优惠券 A 可按标价打 15%15\% 折扣,优惠券 B 可直接减 $30\$30,优惠券 C 可打 25%25\% 折扣,适用于标价超过 $100\$100 的部分。

xxyy 分别为使优惠券 A 节省的钱不少于优惠券 B 或 C 的最小和最大标价。求 yxy - x

A shopper plans to purchase an item that has a listed price greater than $100\$100 and can use any one of the three coupons. Coupon A gives 15%15\% off the listed price, Coupon B gives $30\$30 off the listed price, and Coupon C gives 25%25\% off the amount by which the listed price exceeds $100.\$100.

Let xx and yy be the smallest and largest prices, respectively, for which Coupon A saves at least as many dollars as Coupon B or C. What is yx?y - x?

5050

6060

7575

8080

100100

答案:A
知识点:百分数不等式
难度评级:1540
小提示:

用标价表示每张优惠券节省的钱。

Write each coupon’s savings in terms of the listed price

大提示:

优惠券 A 必须同时不少于 $30\$300.25(p100)0.25(p-100)

Coupon A must beat both $30\$30 and 0.25(p100)0.25(p-100)

解答:

设商品标价为 pp。优惠券 A 节省 0.15p0.15p,优惠券 B 节省 $30\$ 30

优惠券 C 节省 0.25(p100)=0.25p25 0.25(p - 100) = 0.25p - 25\text{。}

因此必须满足 0.15p300.15p \ge 30 p200p \geq 200 以及 0.15p0.25p250.15p \ge 0.25p - 25 250p250 \geq p\text{。}

这给出 x=200x = 200y=250y = 250,所以 yx=50y - x = 50

所以正确答案是 A

Let pp be the price of the item. Then coupon A saves 0.15p.0.15p. Coupon B saves $30.\$ 30.

Coupon C will save 0.25(p100)=0.25p25. 0.25(p - 100) = 0.25p - 25.

We must have that 0.15p30 0.15p \ge 30 p200 p \geq 200 and 0.15p0.25p25 0.15p \ge 0.25p - 25 250p. 250 \geq p.

This shows that x=200x = 200 and y=250.y = 250. Therefore yx=50.y - x = 50.

Thus, A is the correct answer.

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