2013 AMC 10B 第 18 题

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18.

20132013 有这样的性质:它的个位数字等于其他数字之和,即 2+0+1=32+0+1=3。大于 10001000 且小于 20132013 的整数中,有多少个具有这个性质?

The number 20132013 has the property that its units digit is the sum of its other digits, that is 2+0+1=3.2+0+1=3. How many integers less than 20132013 but greater than 10001000 have this property?

3333

3434

4545

4646

5858

答案:D
知识点:数字分类讨论三角形数
难度评级:1420
小提示:

按个位数字统计 1001100119991999 的数。

Count numbers from 10011001 to 19991999 by their units digit

大提示:

再单独处理 2000200020122012 的小范围。

Handle the small range from 20002000 to 20122012 separately

解答:

给定前三位数字时,如果它们的和不超过 99,就能确定一个满足条件的数。

按千位数字分类讨论。

如果千位是 11,那么百位和十位数字之和必须不超过 88。设其和为 ss,则有 s+1s+1 种取法,因为百位数字可以从 00ss

因此这一情形给出第九个三角数: 9102=45\dfrac{9\cdot 10}2 =45\text{。}

如果千位是 22,那么小于 20132013 的数中只有 20022002 满足条件,所以总数为 4646

所以正确答案是 D

Once the first three digits are given, their sum determines the units digit, provided that the sum is at most 9.9.

We separate the possibilities according to the thousands digit.

If the thousands digit is 1,1, then the sum of the hundreds and tens digits must be at most 8.8. For each possible sum s,s, there are s+1s+1 choices, because the hundreds digit can range from 00 to s.s.

Thus, this case gives the ninth triangular number: 9102=45.\dfrac{9\cdot 10}2 =45.

If the thousands digit is 2,2, the only qualifying number below 20132013 is 2002,2002, giving 4646 cases in total.

Thus, the correct answer is D.

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