2013 AMC 10B 第 18 题
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18.
数 有这样的性质:它的个位数字等于其他数字之和,即 。大于 且小于 的整数中,有多少个具有这个性质?
The number has the property that its units digit is the sum of its other digits, that is How many integers less than but greater than have this property?
小提示:
按个位数字统计 到 的数。
Count numbers from to by their units digit
大提示:
再单独处理 到 的小范围。
Handle the small range from to separately
解答:
给定前三位数字时,如果它们的和不超过 ,就能确定一个满足条件的数。
按千位数字分类讨论。
如果千位是 ,那么百位和十位数字之和必须不超过 。设其和为 ,则有 种取法,因为百位数字可以从 到 。
因此这一情形给出第九个三角数:
如果千位是 ,那么小于 的数中只有 满足条件,所以总数为 。
所以正确答案是 D。
Once the first three digits are given, their sum determines the units digit, provided that the sum is at most
We separate the possibilities according to the thousands digit.
If the thousands digit is then the sum of the hundreds and tens digits must be at most For each possible sum there are choices, because the hundreds digit can range from to
Thus, this case gives the ninth triangular number:
If the thousands digit is the only qualifying number below is giving cases in total.
Thus, the correct answer is D.
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