2012 AMC 10A 第 10 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

10.

Mary 把一个圆分成 1212 个扇形。这些扇形的圆心角度数都是整数,并且构成一个等差数列。最小的扇形角的度数最小可能是多少?

Mary divides a circle into 1212 sectors. The central angles of these sectors, measured in degrees, are all integers and they form an arithmetic sequence. What is the degree measure of the smallest possible sector angle?

55

66

88

1010

1212

答案:C
知识点:等差数列丢番图方程最优化
难度评级:1420
小提示:

设等差数列为 a,a+d,,a+11da,a+d,\ldots,a+11d

Let the arithmetic sequence be a,a+d,,a+11da,a+d,\ldots,a+11d

大提示:

使用 12a+66d=36012a+66d=360,并在 aa 保持正数时让 dd 尽可能大。

Use 12a+66d=36012a+66d=360 and maximize dd while keeping aa positive

解答:

设最小扇形角为 aa,等差数列的公差为 dd

于是 122(a+a+11d)=12a+66d \dfrac{12}{2}(a + a + 11d) = 12a + 66d 就是这个等差数列的和。

总和是 360360,所以 12a+66d=360 12a + 66d = 360 2a+11d=60 2a + 11d = 60\text{。}

要使 aa 尽可能小,就要让 dd 尽可能大。若 d=5d = 5,则 aa 不是整数;因此 d=4d = 4,且 a=8a = 8

所以正确答案是 C

Let aa be the smallest possible sector angle and dd be the difference in the arithmetic sequence.

Then we have that 122(a+a+11d)=12a+66d \dfrac{12}{2}(a + a + 11d) = 12a + 66d is the sum of the arithmetic sequence.

We have that this sums to 360,360, so 12a+66d=360 12a + 66d = 360 2a+11d=60. 2a + 11d = 60.

We want to minimize a,a, so we maximize d.d. If d=5,d = 5, then aa is not an integer, so d=4d = 4 and a=8.a = 8.

Thus, C is the correct answer.

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