Question

A school has $100$ students and $5$ teachers. In the first period, each student is taking one class, and each teacher is teaching one class. The enrollments in the classes are $50, 20, 20, 5,$ and $5.$ Let $t$ be the average value obtained if a teacher is picked at random and the number of students in their class is noted. Let $s$ be the average value obtained if a student was picked at random and the number of students in their class, including the student, is noted. What is $t-s?$

$-18.5$

$-13.5$

$0$

$13.5$

$18.5$

Solution:

Recall $\text{Expected value} =$ $\Sigma (\text{Outcome} \cdot \text{Probability}).$

Therefore, $t = \dfrac{1}{5} (50 + 20 + 20 + 5 + 5)$ $= \dfrac{1}{5} \cdot 100 = 20$ and $s = 50 \cdot \dfrac{50}{100} + 20 \cdot \dfrac{20}{100}$ $+ 20 \cdot \dfrac{20}{100} + 5 \cdot \dfrac{5}{100} + 5 \cdot \dfrac{5}{100}$ $= 25 + 4 + 4 + .25 + .25 = 33.5$

$t - s = -13.5.$

Thus, B is the correct answer.

2021 AMC 10A Fall Problem 10

Solution:

Problem 10 in Other Years