2004 AMC 10B 第 12 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

12.

圆环是两个同心圆之间的区域。图中同心圆半径分别为 bbcc,其中 b>cb \gt c。令 OX\overline{OX} 为大圆半径,XZ\overline{XZ}ZZ 点与小圆相切,OY\overline{OY} 是经过 ZZ 的大圆半径。设 a=XZa = XZd=YZd = YZe=XYe = XY。这个圆环的面积是多少?

An annulus is the region between two concentric circles. The concentric circles in the figure have radii bb and c,c, with b>c.b \gt c. Let OX\overline{OX} be a radius of the larger circle, let XZ\overline{XZ} be tangent to the smaller circle at Z,Z, and let OY\overline{OY} be the radius of the larger circle that contains Z.Z. Let a=XZ,a = XZ, d=YZ,d = YZ, and e=XY.e = XY. What is the area of the annulus?

πa2\pi a^2

πb2\pi b^2

πc2\pi c^2

πd2\pi d^2

πe2\pi e^2

答案:A
知识点:圆环圆面积切线勾股定理
难度评级:1390
解答:

圆环面积是两个圆面积之差,即 πb2πc2\pi b^2 - \pi c^2

因为 XZ\overline{XZ}ZZ 点与小圆相切,所以它垂直于半径 OZ\overline{OZ}。在直角三角形 OZXOZX 中,OX=bOX = bOZ=cOZ = cXZ=aXZ = a,所以 b2c2=a2b^2 - c^2 = a^2

因此圆环面积为 πa2\pi a^2

所以正确答案是 A

The annulus is the difference of the two circular areas, πb2πc2.\pi b^2 - \pi c^2.

Because XZ\overline{XZ} is tangent to the small circle at Z,Z, it is perpendicular to the radius OZ.\overline{OZ}. In right triangle OZXOZX with OX=b,OX = b, OZ=c,OZ = c, and XZ=a,XZ = a, we get b2c2=a2.b^2 - c^2 = a^2.

Therefore the area of the annulus is πa2.\pi a^2.

Thus, the correct answer is A.

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