2000 AMC 10 第 23 题

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23.

将列表 的平均数、中位数和众数按递增顺序排列后,它们形成一个非常数等差数列。所有可能的实数 xx 的和是多少? 10,2,5,2,4,2,x10, 2, 5, 2, 4, 2, x

When the mean, median, and mode of the list 10,2,5,2,4,2,x10, 2, 5, 2, 4, 2, x are arranged in increasing order, they form a non-constant arithmetic progression. What is the sum of all possible real values of x?x?

33

66

99

1717

2020

答案:E
知识点:平均数中位数(数据)等差数列分类讨论
难度评级:1950
解答:

22μ=25+x7\mu = \dfrac{25+x}{7}

众数总是 22,平均数为 x2x \leq 2 要形成非常数等差数列,只需按中位数分情况检查。

2<x<42 < x < 4,排序后为 2<x<μ2 < x < \mu,中位数为 x2=μxx-2 = \mu-x,平均数为 μ\mu,得到等差数列 x=3x=3x2=25+x7x, x-2 = \dfrac{25+x}{7}-x,

x4x \geq 4,排序后为 μ>4\mu>4,中位数为 44,平均数为 μ=6\mu=6,得到等差数列 x=17x=1742=μ4, 4-2 = \mu-4,

没有其他 33 可行,因此所有可能值的和为 17172020

所以正确答案是 E

The mode is always 2,2, and the mean is μ=25+x7.\mu = \dfrac{25+x}{7}.

If x2,x \leq 2, the median is also 2.2. Two equal values cannot belong to a non-constant three-term arithmetic progression, so this case gives no solutions.

If 2<x<4,2 < x < 4, the values occur in the order 2<x<μ.2 < x < \mu. They form an arithmetic progression exactly when x2=μx.x-2 = \mu-x. Substituting for μ\mu gives x2=25+x7x, x-2 = \dfrac{25+x}{7}-x, whose solution is x=3.x=3.

If x4,x \geq 4, the median is 44 and μ>4.\mu>4. Thus the condition is 42=μ4, 4-2 = \mu-4, so μ=6\mu=6 and x=17.x=17.

The two possible values are therefore 33 and 17,17, whose sum is 20.20.

Thus, the correct answer is E.

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