1950 AMC 12 第 39 题

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39.

已知级数 2+1+12+14+2+1+\dfrac12+\dfrac14+\cdots 以及下列五个说法:

(1)(1) 和无限增大。

(2)(2) 和无限减小。

(3)(3) 数列任意一项与零之差都可以小于任意给定的正数,无论该正数多么小。

(4)(4) 和与 44 之差可以小于任意给定的正数,无论该正数多么小。

(5)(5) 和趋近于一个极限。

其中正确的说法是:

Given the series 2+1+12+14+2+1+\dfrac12+\dfrac14+\cdots and the following five statements:

(1)(1) the sum increases without limit.

(2)(2) the sum decreases without limit.

(3)(3) the difference between any term of the sequence and zero can be made less than any positive quantity no matter how small.

(4)(4) the difference between the sum and 44 can be made less than any positive quantity no matter how small.

(5)(5) the sum approaches a limit.

Of these statements, the correct ones are:

只有 3344

Only 33 and 44

只有 55

Only 55

只有 2244

Only 22 and 44

只有 223344

Only 2,2, 3,3, and 44

只有 4455

Only 44 and 55

答案:E
知识点:等比数列求和微积分
难度评级:1670
小提示:

区分数列的项与级数的部分和

Distinguish the terms of the sequence from its partial sums

大提示:

首项为 22、公比为 12\frac{1}{2} 的等比级数,其部分和趋近于 44

A geometric series with first term 22 and ratio 12\frac{1}{2} has partial sums approaching 44

解答:

部分和递增并趋近于 2112=4 \frac{2}{1-\frac12}=4\text{,}所以它们既不无限增大,也不无限减小。因此,说法 1122 错误,而说法 4455 正确。

在说法 33 中,“任意一项”指已经选定的一项,它与零的距离固定,不能再变小;正确的说法应是可以选取足够靠后的项,使其小于任意给定的正数。因此,按原文措辞,说法 33 错误。

因此,只有说法 4455 正确,所以正确答案是 E

The partial sums increase toward 2112=4, \frac{2}{1-\frac12}=4, so they neither increase nor decrease without limit. This makes statements 11 and 22 false, while statements 44 and 55 are true.

In statement 3,3, “any term” refers to an already selected term, whose distance from zero is fixed and cannot be made smaller; one can instead choose a sufficiently late term below any prescribed positive bound. Thus statement 33, as worded, is false.

Therefore only statements 44 and 55 are correct, so the correct answer is E.

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