2021 AMC 10A Fall 第 15 题

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15.

等腰三角形 ABCABC 满足 AB=AC=36AB = AC = 3\sqrt6,一个半径为 525\sqrt2 的圆分别与直线 ABABACAC 相切于点 BBCC。经过顶点 AABBCC 的圆的面积是多少?

Isosceles triangle ABCABC has AB=AC=36,AB = AC = 3\sqrt6, and a circle with radius 525\sqrt2 is tangent to line ABAB at BB and to line ACAC at C.C. What is the area of the circle that passes through vertices A,A, B,B, and C?C?

24π24\pi

25π25\pi

26π26\pi

27π27\pi

28π28\pi

答案:C
知识点:外接圆、外心与外接圆半径圆内接四边形切线勾股定理
难度评级:1820
解答:

O1O_1 是与 ABABAC.AC. 相切的圆的圆心。则 ABO1=ACO1=90,\angle ABO_1=\angle ACO_1=90^\circ,所以 A,B,O1,CA,B,O_1,C 四点共圆。

因为 BBCC 处的直角所对的弦是 AO1,AO_1,所以线段 AO1AO_1 是这个圆的直径。设 O2O_2 为其圆心。同一个圆经过 A,B,A,B,C,C,所以它就是所求的外接圆。

ABO1,\triangle ABO_1, 中应用勾股定理,得到 AO1=AB2+BO12=54+50=226. \begin{aligned} AO_1&=\sqrt{AB^2+BO_1^2}\\ &=\sqrt{54+50}=2\sqrt{26}. \end{aligned} 因此外接圆半径为 26,\sqrt{26},所求面积为 26π.26\pi.

所以正确答案是 C

Let O1O_1 be the center of the circle tangent to ABAB and AC.AC. Then ABO1=ACO1=90,\angle ABO_1=\angle ACO_1=90^\circ, so A,B,O1,CA,B,O_1,C are concyclic.

Because the right angles at BB and CC subtend AO1,AO_1, the segment AO1AO_1 is a diameter of this circle. Let O2O_2 be its center. The same circle passes through A,B,A,B, and C,C, so it is the desired circumcircle.

By the Pythagorean Theorem in ABO1,\triangle ABO_1, AO1=AB2+BO12=54+50=226. \begin{aligned} AO_1&=\sqrt{AB^2+BO_1^2}\\ &=\sqrt{54+50}=2\sqrt{26}. \end{aligned} Therefore, the circumradius is 26,\sqrt{26}, and the requested area is 26π.26\pi.

Thus, C is the correct answer.

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