2021 AMC 10A Spring 第 19 题

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19.

由图像 围成的区域面积为 m+nπm+n\pi,其中 mmnn 是整数。求 m+nm + nx2+y2=3xy+3x+yx^2+y^2 = 3|x-y| + 3|x+y|

The area of the region bounded by the graph of x2+y2=3xy+3x+yx^2+y^2 = 3|x-y| + 3|x+y| is m+nπ,m+n\pi, where mm and nn are integers. What is m+n?m + n?

1818

2727

3636

4545

5454

答案:E
知识点:绝对值面积分割
难度评级:2150
解答:

xyx-yx+yx+y 的符号分类。例如在一种情况中,xy=xy|x-y|=x-yx+y=x+y|x+y|=x+y,所以

x2+y2=6x(x3)2+y2=9. \begin{gathered} x^2+y^2=6x \\ \quad\Longrightarrow\quad (x-3)^2+y^2=9. \end{gathered}

其余三种情况类似,得到半径为 33、中心分别在 (0,3)(0,3)(3,0)(-3,0)(0,3)(0,-3) 的圆弧。

围成区域由边长 66 的中心正方形和四个半径为 33 的半圆组成。正方形面积为 3636,四个半圆的总面积等于两个半径为 33 的圆,即 18π18\pi

因此面积为 36+18π36+18\pi,所以 m+n=36+18=54m+n=36+18=54

所以正确答案是 E

Consider the four sign cases for xyx-y and x+y.x+y. In one case, for example, xy=xy|x-y|=x-y and x+y=x+y,|x+y|=x+y, so

x2+y2=6x(x3)2+y2=9. \begin{gathered} x^2+y^2=6x \\ \quad\Longrightarrow\quad (x-3)^2+y^2=9. \end{gathered}

The other three cases similarly give circles of radius 33 centered at (0,3),(0,3), (3,0),(-3,0), and (0,3).(0,-3). The relevant arcs form the boundary shown by these four congruent circle pieces.

The region consists of a central square of side length 6,6, together with four semicircles of radius 3.3. The square contributes area 36,36, and the four semicircles have the area of two full radius-33 circles, namely 18π.18\pi.

Therefore the area is 36+18π,36+18\pi, so m+n=36+18=54.m+n=36+18=54.

Thus, E is the correct answer.

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