2006 AMC 10A 第 12 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

12.

Rolly 想用一根 88 英尺长的绳子把他的狗拴在一个边长为 1616 英尺的正方形棚子上。他的初步图示如下。

哪一种安排让狗能活动的面积更大?大多少平方英尺?

Rolly wishes to secure his dog with an 88-foot rope to a square shed that is 1616 feet on each side. His preliminary drawings are shown.

Which of these arrangements gives the dog the greater area to roam, and by how many square feet?

I,大 8π8\pi

I, by 8π8\pi

I,大 6π6\pi

I, by 6π6\pi

II,大 4π4\pi

II, by 4π4\pi

II,大 8π8\pi

II, by 8π8\pi

II,大 10π10\pi

II, by 10π10\pi

答案:C
知识点:扇形圆面积
难度评级:1420
解答:

安排 I 中,狗拴在一条边的中点,可以扫过半径为 88 的半圆,面积为 12π82=32π\frac12 \pi \cdot 8^2 = 32\pi

绳子正好够到角,不能继续绕过。安排 II 中,狗拴在离角 44 英尺处。它同样扫过 32π32\pi 的半圆;绳子到达角后还剩 44 英尺,可以扫过半径为 44 的四分之一圆,面积为 14π42=4π\frac14 \pi \cdot 4^2 = 4\pi

因此 II 的面积为 36π36\pi,比 I 多 4π4\pi

所以正确答案是 C

In arrangement I the dog is tied at the middle of a side and sweeps a half-disk of radius 88: area 12π82=32π.\frac12 \pi \cdot 8^2 = 32\pi. The rope reaches exactly to the corners, so nothing wraps.

In arrangement II the dog is tied 44 feet from a corner. It sweeps the same 32π32\pi half-disk, and after the rope reaches the corner, 44 feet remain to sweep a quarter-disk of radius 44: 14π42=4π.\frac14 \pi \cdot 4^2 = 4\pi.

So II gives 36π,36\pi, exceeding I by 4π.4\pi.

Thus, the correct answer is C.

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