2023 AIME II Problem 6
Below is the professionally curated solution for Problem 6 of the 2023 AIME II, from LIVE by Po-Shen Loh. You can also try the full timed exam, view all 2023 AIME II solutions, or check the answer key.
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Difficulty rating: 2740
6.
Consider the L-shaped region formed by three unit squares joined at their sides, as shown below. Two points and are chosen independently and uniformly at random from inside the region. The probability that the midpoint of also lies inside this L-shaped region can be expressed as where and are relatively prime positive integers. Find
Solution:
Place the region as so it is the square with the top-right unit square removed. Both coordinates of the midpoint are averages of numbers in so the midpoint always lies in the square; it fails to lie in the region exactly when it lands in the missing square, i.e. when and
If neither point is in the right square, then if neither is in the top square, then So failure requires one point in the top square and the other in the right square, which happens with probability In that case, one -coordinate is uniform on and the other on so with probability and independently with probability
The failure probability is so the desired probability is and
Problem 6 in Other Years
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