2024 AMC 10B 第 13 题

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13.

正整数 xxyy 满足方程 x+y=1183\sqrt{x} + \sqrt{y} = \sqrt{1183}x+yx + y 的最小可能值是多少?

Positive integers xx and yy satisfy the equation x+y=1183.\sqrt{x} + \sqrt{y} = \sqrt{1183}. What is the minimum possible value of x+y?x + y?

585585

595595

623623

700700

791791

答案:B
知识点:根式质因数分解最优化
难度评级:1560
解答:

因为 1183=71321183 = 7 \cdot 13^2,所以 1183=137\sqrt{1183} = 13\sqrt7。平方 xx,得 yy。于是 xy\sqrt{xy} 为有理数,这迫使 x=da2x=da^2 都是 y=db2y=db^2 乘以完全平方数:dda,ba,b,且 (a+b)d=137(a+b)\sqrt d=13\sqrt7。此时 d=7d=7,在 aabb 尽量接近时最小。取 a+b=13a+b=13x+y=7(a2+b2)x+y=7(a^2+b^2),得 a=6a=6。因此正确答案是 Bb=7b=7 x+y=7(36+49)=595x+y=7(36+49)=595

Since 1183=7132,1183 = 7 \cdot 13^2, we have 1183=137.\sqrt{1183} = 13\sqrt7. Squaring the given equation shows that xy\sqrt{xy} is rational. Thus xx and yy have the same squarefree part: write x=da2x=da^2 and y=db2,y=db^2, where dd is squarefree and a,ba,b are positive integers. Then (a+b)d=137,(a+b)\sqrt d=13\sqrt7, so d=7d=7 and a+b=13.a+b=13. Therefore x+y=7(a2+b2),x+y=7(a^2+b^2), which is smallest when aa and bb are as close as possible. Taking a=6a=6 and b=7b=7 gives x+y=7(36+49)=595.x+y=7(36+49)=595. Thus, B is the correct answer.

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