2014 AMC 10B 第 18 题

先试着解答 2014 AMC 10B 第 18 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2014 AMC 10B 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

18.

一个由 1111 个正整数组成的列表平均数为 1010,中位数为 99,且唯一众数为 88。列表中整数的最大可能值是多少?

A list of 1111 positive integers has a mean of 10,10, a median of 9,9, and a unique mode of 8.8. What is the largest possible value of an integer in the list?

2424

3030

3131

3333

3535

答案:E
知识点:平均数中位数(数据)众数最优化
难度评级:1790
解答:

总和为 1110=11011\cdot10=110

要最大化最大项,应最小化其余十项之和。按非递减顺序排列时,第六项为 99,且 88 必须是唯一众数。若 88 出现两次,前十项最小和为 1+2+3+8+8+91+2+3+8+8+9 +10+11+12+13+10+11+12+13 =77=77,最大项为 3333

88 出现三次,前十项可取 1,1,8,8,8,9,9,10,10,111,1,8,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,其和为 7575,最大项可为 3535

88 出现四次或五次,前十项最小和至少为 8080,最大项至多为 3030

因此最大可能值为 3535,正确答案是 E

The list has total sum 1110=11011\cdot10=110. To maximize the largest entry, minimize the sum of the other ten entries.

In nondecreasing order, the sixth entry is 99, and 88 must be the unique mode. If 88 appears twice, the least possible first ten entries sum to 1+2+3+8+8+91+2+3+8+8+9 +10+11+12+13+10+11+12+13 =77=77, giving largest entry 3333.

If 88 appears three times, the least possible first ten entries are 1,1,8,8,8,9,9,10,10,111,1,8,8,8,9,9,10,10,11, with sum 7575, giving largest entry 3535.

If 88 appears four or five times, the least possible sum of the first ten entries is at least 8080, so the largest entry is at most 3030.

Therefore the largest possible entry is 3535, and the correct answer is E .

← 第 17 题#17
完整试卷

其他年份的第 18 题