2014 AMC 10B 第 15 题

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15.

在长方形 ABCDABCD 中,DC=2CBDC = 2 \cdot CB,点 EEFFAB\overline{AB} 上,使得 ED\overline{ED}FD\overline{FD} 如图三等分 ADC\angle ADC。求 DEF\triangle DEF 的面积与长方形 ABCDABCD 面积之比。

In rectangle ABCD,ABCD, DC=2CBDC = 2 \cdot CB and points EE and FF lie on AB\overline{AB} so that ED\overline{ED} and FD\overline{FD} trisect ADC\angle ADC as shown. What is the ratio of the area of DEF\triangle DEF to the area of rectangle ABCD?ABCD?

  36\ \ \dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{6}

 68\ \dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{8}

 3316\ \dfrac{3\sqrt{3}}{16}

 13\ \dfrac{1}{3}

 24\ \dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{4}

答案:A
知识点:三角学面积比矩形
难度评级:1660
解答:

AD=hAD=h。因为 DC=AB=2hDC=AB=2h,所以长方形 ABCDABCD 的面积为 2h22h^2

射线 DEDEDFDFDCDC 的夹角分别为 6060^\circ3030^\circ

因此 且 AE=htan30=h3AE=h\tan30^\circ=\dfrac{h}{\sqrt3} AF=htan60=h3.AF=h\tan60^\circ=h\sqrt3.

于是 DEF\triangle DEF 的面积为 EF=AFAE=h3h3=2h33.\begin{aligned}EF&=AF-AE\\&=h\sqrt3-\dfrac{h}{\sqrt3}\\&=\dfrac{2h\sqrt3}{3}.\end{aligned} 12EFh=h233.\dfrac12\cdot EF\cdot h=\dfrac{h^2\sqrt3}{3}.

所求面积比为 所以正确答案是 Ah23/32h2=36.\dfrac{h^2\sqrt3/3}{2h^2}=\dfrac{\sqrt3}{6}.

Let AD=h.AD=h. Since DC=AB=2h,DC=AB=2h, the area of rectangle ABCDABCD is 2h2.2h^2.

The rays DEDE and DFDF make angles of 6060^\circ and 30,30^\circ, respectively, with DC.DC.

Therefore, AE=htan30=h3AE=h\tan30^\circ=\dfrac{h}{\sqrt3} and AF=htan60=h3.AF=h\tan60^\circ=h\sqrt3.

Hence EF=AFAE=h3h3=2h33.\begin{aligned}EF&=AF-AE\\&=h\sqrt3-\dfrac{h}{\sqrt3}\\&=\dfrac{2h\sqrt3}{3}.\end{aligned} The area of DEF\triangle DEF is 12EFh=h233.\dfrac12\cdot EF\cdot h=\dfrac{h^2\sqrt3}{3}.

The desired ratio is h23/32h2=36.\dfrac{h^2\sqrt3/3}{2h^2}=\dfrac{\sqrt3}{6}. Thus, the correct answer is A.

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