2014 AMC 10A 第 16 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

16.

在长方形 ABCDABCD 中,AB=1AB=1BC=2BC=2,点 EEFFGG 分别是 BC\overline{BC}CD\overline{CD}AD\overline{AD} 的中点。点 HHGE\overline{GE} 的中点。阴影区域的面积是多少?

In rectangle ABCD,ABCD, AB=1,AB=1, BC=2,BC=2, and points E,E, F,F, and GG are midpoints of BC,\overline{BC}, CD,\overline{CD}, and AD,\overline{AD}, respectively. Point HH is the midpoint of GE.\overline{GE}. What is the area of the shaded region?

112\dfrac1{12}

318\dfrac{\sqrt3}{18}

212\dfrac{\sqrt2}{12}

312\dfrac{\sqrt3}{12}

16\dfrac16

答案:E
知识点:矩形中点相似
难度评级:1660
解答:

DHC\triangle DHC 的面积减去两个未涂阴影的小三角形。

DH\overline{DH} 延长到 BB。令 DB\overline{DB}AF\overline{AF} 交于 XX

DXFBXA\triangle DXF\sim\triangle BXA AB=2DFAB=2\cdot DF。由于 BX=2DXBX=2\cdot DX,所以 。

这说明 DX=13DBDX = \dfrac{1}{3} \cdot DB,所以 DXF\triangle DXF 的高是长方形高度的 13\dfrac{1}{3}

DXF\triangle DXF 的面积为 121223=16. \dfrac{1}{2} \cdot \dfrac{1}{2} \cdot \dfrac{2}{3} = \dfrac{1}{6}.

两个未涂阴影小三角形面积合计为 216=132 \cdot \dfrac{1}{6} = \dfrac{1}{3}DHC\triangle DHC 的面积为 1211=12. \dfrac{1}{2} \cdot 1 \cdot 1 = \dfrac{1}{2}.

因此阴影区域面积为 1213=16\dfrac{1}{2} - \dfrac{1}{3} = \dfrac{1}{6}

所以正确答案是 E

We can find the area of the shaded region by finding the area of DHC\triangle DHC and subtracting out the two unshaded triangles.

Extend DH\overline{DH} so that it hits B.B. Let the intersection of DB\overline{DB} and AF\overline{AF} be X.X.

We have that DXFBXA.\triangle DXF\sim\triangle BXA. Since AB=2DFAB=2\cdot DF, corresponding sides give BX=2DXBX=2\cdot DX.

This means that DX=13DB,DX = \dfrac{1}{3} \cdot DB, which means that the altitude of DXF\triangle DXF is 13\dfrac{1}{3} the height of the rectangle.

The area of DXF\triangle DXF is then 121223=16. \dfrac{1}{2} \cdot \dfrac{1}{2} \cdot \dfrac{2}{3} = \dfrac{1}{6}.

The area of both unshaded triangles is then 216=13.2 \cdot \dfrac{1}{6} = \dfrac{1}{3}. The area of DHC\triangle DHC is 1211=12. \dfrac{1}{2} \cdot 1 \cdot 1 = \dfrac{1}{2}.

The area of the shaded region is then 1213=16.\dfrac{1}{2} - \dfrac{1}{3} = \dfrac{1}{6}.

Thus, E is the correct answer.

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