2011 AMC 10B 第 25 题

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25.

T1T_1 是边长为 2011,20122011, 201220132013 的三角形。对 n1n \ge 1,若 Tn=ABCT_n = \triangle ABC,且 D,ED, EFF 分别是 ABC\triangle ABC 的内切圆与边 AB,BCAB, BCACAC 的切点,则若存在,Tn+1T_{n+1} 是边长为 AD,BEAD, BECFCF 的三角形。数列 (Tn)( T_n ) 中最后一个三角形的周长是多少?

Let T1T_1 be a triangle with side lengths 2011,2012,2011, 2012, and 2013.2013. For n1,n \ge 1, if Tn=ABCT_n = \triangle ABC and D,E,D, E, and FF are the points of tangency of the incircle of ABC\triangle ABC to the sides AB,BC,AB, BC, and AC,AC, respectively, then Tn+1T_{n+1} is a triangle with side lengths AD,BE,AD, BE, and CF,CF, if it exists. What is the perimeter of the last triangle in the sequence (Tn)?( T_n )?

15098\dfrac{1509}{8}

150932\dfrac{1509}{32}

150964\dfrac{1509}{64}

1509128\dfrac{1509}{128}

1509256\dfrac{1509}{256}

答案:D
知识点:内切圆、内心与内切圆半径递推三角不等式
难度评级:2490
解答:

对边长 a=BCa=BCb=CAb=CAc=ABc=AB 的三角形,同一顶点到内切圆的切线段相等,所以下一个三角形边长为 b+ca2,a+cb2,a+bc2. \begin{gathered} \dfrac{b+c-a}{2}, \\ \quad \dfrac{a+c-b}{2}, \\ \quad \dfrac{a+b-c}{2}. \end{gathered}

若当前边长为 s1,s,s+1s-1,s,s+1,则下一组边长为 s21,s2,s2+1\dfrac{s}{2}-1,\dfrac{s}{2},\dfrac{s}{2}+1

只要仍能构成三角形,这种形式会保持。对 TnT_n,中间边为 2012/2n12012/2^{n-1},边长形如 s1,s,s+1s-1,s,s+1,并且必须满足 s>2s>2

最后一个有效三角形满足 2012/2n1>22012/2^{n-1}>2,但下一次不满足。此时 n=10n=10,中间边为 2012/29=503/1282012/2^9=503/128

周长为 3503128=15091283\cdot\dfrac{503}{128}=\dfrac{1509}{128}

所以正确答案是 D

For a triangle with side lengths a=BCa=BC, b=CAb=CA, and c=ABc=AB, equal tangents from the same vertex give the next side lengths b+ca2,a+cb2,a+bc2. \begin{gathered} \dfrac{b+c-a}{2}, \\ \quad \dfrac{a+c-b}{2}, \\ \quad \dfrac{a+b-c}{2}. \end{gathered}

If the current side lengths are s1,s,s+1s-1,s,s+1, then the next side lengths are s21,s2,s2+1\dfrac{s}{2}-1,\dfrac{s}{2},\dfrac{s}{2}+1. Thus the same form persists while the middle side halves each time.

For TnT_n, the middle side is 2012/2n12012/2^{n-1}. A triangle of the form s1,s,s+1s-1,s,s+1 exists exactly when s>2s>2.

The last valid triangle has 2012/2n1>22012/2^{n-1}>2, but the next one does not. This gives n=10n=10, with middle side 2012/29=503/1282012/2^9=503/128.

The perimeter is 3503128=15091283\cdot\dfrac{503}{128}=\dfrac{1509}{128}.

Thus, D is the correct answer.

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