2019 AMC 10B 第 25 题

先试着解答 2019 AMC 10B 第 25 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2019 AMC 10B 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

25.

由 00 和 11 组成的长度为 1919 的序列中,有多少个以 00 开头、以 00 结尾,且既不含两个连续的 00,也不含三个连续的 11?

How many sequences of 00s and 11s of length 1919 are there that begin with a 0,0, end with a 0,0, contain no two consecutive 00s, and contain no three consecutive 11s?

5555

6060

6565

7070

7575

答案:C
知识点:有限制的排列分拆与有序分拆组合
难度评级:1770
小提示:

初始的 00 之后,整个序列由 1010 和 110110 这两种块组成。

After the initial 00, the string is made of blocks 1010 and 110110

大提示:

解 2y+3x=182y+3x=18,并数这些块的排列方式。

Solve 2y+3x=182y+3x=18 and count block orderings

解答:

序列先以一个 00 开头,之后由若干个 110110 块和 1010 块依次组成,每个块都接在一个 00 后面。

设 110110 块有 xx 个,1010 块有 yy 个。于是序列的项数为 3x+2y+1=19,3x+2y+1=19\text{,} 即 3x+2y=18。3x+2y=18\text{。} 可能的有序对为 (x,y)=(6,0),(4,3),(2,6),(0,9)。 \begin{aligned} (x,y)&=(6,0),(4,3),\\ &\quad(2,6),(0,9) \end{aligned}\text{。} 于是排列这 x+yx+y 个块的方法数为 (x+yx),\binom{x+y}x\text{,} 因为只需选定 x+yx+y 个位置中哪 xx 个放 110110 块。

因此总数为 (66)+(74)+(82)+(90)\binom 66 + \binom 74 + \binom 82 + \binom 90 =1+35+28+1=1+35+28+1 =65。=65\text{。}

所以正确答案是 C。

Our sequence starts with a 00 then has sequences of 110110 and 1010 in some order, where they each come after a 0.0.

Let the number of 110110 be xx and let the number of 1010 be y.y. Then the number of terms in the sequence is 3x+2y+1=19,3x+2y+1=19, making 3x+2y=18.3x+2y=18. The possible ordered pairs are (x,y)=(6,0),(4,3),(2,6),(0,9). \begin{aligned} (x,y)&=(6,0),(4,3),\\ &\quad(2,6),(0,9). \end{aligned} Then, the number of ways to order the x+yx+y blocks is (x+yx),\binom{x+y}x, since we choose which xx of the x+yx+y positions hold a 110110 block.

Therefore, the total number of ways is (66)+(74)+(82)+(90)\binom 66 + \binom 74 + \binom 82 + \binom 90=1+35+28+1=1+35+28+1=65.=65.

Thus, the answer is C .

第 24 题#24
完整试卷

其他年份的第 25 题