2006 AMC 10A 第 16 题

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16.

一个半径为 11 的圆与一个半径为 22 的圆相切。如图,ABC\triangle ABC 的各边与这两个圆相切,且边 ABABACAC 全等。ABC\triangle ABC 的面积是多少?

A circle of radius 11 is tangent to a circle of radius 2.2. The sides of ABC\triangle ABC are tangent to the circles as shown, and the sides ABAB and ACAC are congruent. What is the area of ABC?\triangle ABC?

352\dfrac{35}{2}

15215\sqrt{2}

643\dfrac{64}{3}

16216\sqrt{2}

2424

答案:D
知识点:相切圆相似等腰三角形
难度评级:1720
解答:

O,OO, O' 为小圆和大圆的圆心,设 DD 为小圆与 ACAC 的切点。沿 ACAC 截出的直角三角形相似,所以 AO1=AO+32\frac{AO}{1} = \frac{AO + 3}{2},得到 AO=3AO = 3AO=6AO' = 6

切线长 AD=AO212AD = \sqrt{AO^2 - 1^2} =3212= \sqrt{3^2 - 1^2} =22= 2\sqrt2。设 FFBCBC 的中点,则 AF=AO+2=8AF = AO' + 2 = 8

因为 ADOAFC\triangle ADO \sim \triangle AFC,有 FC1=AF22=822=22\frac{FC}{1} = \frac{AF}{2\sqrt2} = \frac{8}{2\sqrt2} = 2\sqrt2。因此 BC=42BC = 4\sqrt2,面积为 12BCAF\frac12 \cdot BC \cdot AF =12428= \frac12 \cdot 4\sqrt2 \cdot 8 =162= 16\sqrt2

所以正确答案是 D

Let O,OO, O' be the centers of the small and large circles, and let DD be the point where the small circle touches AC.AC. The right triangles cut off along ACAC are similar, so AO1=AO+32,\frac{AO}{1} = \frac{AO + 3}{2}, giving AO=3AO = 3 and AO=6.AO' = 6.

The tangent length is AD=AO212AD = \sqrt{AO^2 - 1^2} =3212= \sqrt{3^2 - 1^2} =22.= 2\sqrt2. Let FF be the midpoint of BCBC; then AF=AO+2=8.AF = AO' + 2 = 8.

Since ADOAFC,\triangle ADO \sim \triangle AFC, we get FC1=AF22=822=22.\frac{FC}{1} = \frac{AF}{2\sqrt2} = \frac{8}{2\sqrt2} = 2\sqrt2. Thus BC=42,BC = 4\sqrt2, and the area is 12BCAF\frac12 \cdot BC \cdot AF =12428= \frac12 \cdot 4\sqrt2 \cdot 8 =162.= 16\sqrt2.

Thus, the correct answer is D.

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