2003 AMC 10B 第 13 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

13.

(x)\clubsuit(x) 表示正整数 xx 的各位数字之和。例如 (8)=8\clubsuit(8)=8(123)=1+2+3=6\clubsuit(123)=1+2+3=6。有多少个两位数 xx 满足 ((x))=3\clubsuit(\clubsuit(x))=3

Let (x)\clubsuit(x) denote the sum of the digits of the positive integer x.x. For example, (8)=8\clubsuit(8)=8 and (123)=1+2+3=6.\clubsuit(123)=1+2+3=6. For how many two-digit values of xx is ((x))=3?\clubsuit(\clubsuit(x))=3?

33

44

66

99

1010

答案:E
知识点:数字分类讨论系统列举
难度评级:1310
解答:

y=(x)y=\clubsuit(x)。因为 x99x\le 99,所以 y18y\le 18;要满足 (y)=3\clubsuit(y)=3,只能有 y=3y=3y=12y=12

数字和为 33 的两位数是 12,21,3012, 21, 30(3(3)))。数字和为 1212 的两位数是 39,48,57,66,75,84,9339, 48, 57, 66, 75, 84, 93(7(7)))。总共有 1010 个。

所以正确答案是 E

Let y=(x).y=\clubsuit(x). Since x99,x\le 99, we have y18,y\le 18, so (y)=3\clubsuit(y)=3 forces y=3y=3 or y=12.y=12.

The two-digit numbers with digit sum 33 are 12,21,3012, 21, 30 (3(3 of them).). Those with digit sum 1212 are 39,48,57,66,75,84,9339, 48, 57, 66, 75, 84, 93 (7(7 of them).). In all there are 10.10.

Thus, the correct answer is E.

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