2025 AMC 10A 第 22 题

先试着解答 2025 AMC 10A 第 22 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2025 AMC 10A 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

22.

一个半径为 rr 的圆被三个圆围住,这三个圆的半径分别为 11,22 和 33,它们都与内圆外切,并且彼此也外切,如图所示。
rr 等于多少?
A circle of radius rr is surrounded by three circles, whose radii are 1,1, 2,2, and 3,3, all externally tangent to the inner circle and externally tangent to each other, as shown in the diagram below.
What is r?r?
14\dfrac{1}{4}
623\dfrac{6}{23}
311\dfrac{3}{11}
517\dfrac{5}{17}
310\dfrac{3}{10}
答案:B
知识点:相切圆坐标几何
小提示:
半径为 1,2,31, 2, 3 的三个圆的圆心两两相距 3,4,53, 4, 5,形成一个直角三角形。
The centers of the radius-1,2,31, 2, 3 circles are pairwise 3,4,53, 4, 5 apart, forming a right triangle
大提示:
把直角顶点放在原点,并为内圆圆心写出距离方程;也可以应用四个相切圆的曲率关系。
Place the right angle at the origin and write distance equations for the inner center, or apply the four-circle curvature relation
解答:
三个外圆圆心 A,B,CA, B, C 的两两距离分别为 AB=1+2=3AB = 1 + 2 = 3,AC=1+3=4AC = 1 + 3 = 4,BC=2+3=5BC = 2 + 3 = 5,构成 33-44-55 直角三角形。现在对四个相互相切的圆应用笛卡尔圆定理,曲率分别为 1,12,131, \tfrac12, \tfrac13,以及 1r\tfrac1r:1r=1+12+13\frac1r = 1 + \tfrac12 + \tfrac13 +212+16+13+ 2\sqrt{\tfrac12 + \tfrac16 + \tfrac13} =116+21= \tfrac{11}{6} + 2\sqrt{1} =236= \tfrac{23}{6}。取倒数得 r=623r = \tfrac{6}{23}。因此正确答案是 B。
The three outer centers A,B,CA, B, C are pairwise AB=1+2=3,AB = 1 + 2 = 3, AC=1+3=4,AC = 1 + 3 = 4, and BC=2+3=5BC = 2 + 3 = 5 apart, a 33-44-55 right triangle. Now apply Descartes’ Circle Theorem with curvatures 1,12,13,1, \tfrac12, \tfrac13, and 1r,\tfrac1r, all mutually tangent: 1r=1+12+13\frac1r = 1 + \tfrac12 + \tfrac13 +212+16+13+ 2\sqrt{\tfrac12 + \tfrac16 + \tfrac13} =116+21= \tfrac{11}{6} + 2\sqrt{1} =236.= \tfrac{23}{6}. Inverting, r=623.r = \tfrac{6}{23}. Therefore, the answer is B.
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