2017 AMC 10B 第 22 题

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22.

半径为 22 的圆的直径 AB\overline{AB} 延长到圆外一点 DD,使 BD=3BD=3。点 EE 满足 ED=5ED=5,且直线 EDED 垂直于直线 ADAD。线段 AE\overline{AE} 与圆交于位于 AAEE 之间的点 CC。求 ABC\triangle ABC 的面积。

The diameter AB\overline{AB} of a circle of radius 22 is extended to a point DD outside the circle so that BD=3.BD=3. Point EE is chosen so that ED=5ED=5 and line EDED is perpendicular to line AD.AD. Segment AE\overline{AE} intersects the circle at a point CC between AA and E.E. What is the area of ABC?\triangle ABC?

12037\dfrac{120}{37}

14039\dfrac{140}{39}

14539\dfrac{145}{39}

14037\dfrac{140}{37}

12031\dfrac{120}{31}

答案:D
知识点:圆周角相似面积比
难度评级:1900
小提示:

利用半圆所对的圆周角得到一个直角三角形。

Use the semicircle angle to get a right triangle

大提示:

通过相似比较 ABC\triangle ABCAED\triangle AED

Compare ABC\triangle ABC and AED\triangle AED by similarity

解答:

因为半径为 22,且 BD=3BD =3,所以 AD=7AD = 7。由于 ED=5ED = 5,且 DD 处角为直角,ADEADE 的面积为 572=352\dfrac{5\cdot 7}{2} = \dfrac{35}{2}

由勾股定理,AE=52+72=74AE=\sqrt{5^2+7^2}=\sqrt{74}。又因为 ABAB 是直径,所以 ACB\angle ACB 是直角。两个三角形共用 AA 处的角,因此由角角相似可知 ABCAED\triangle ABC\sim\triangle AED

它们对应的斜边分别是 AB=4AB=4AE=74AE=\sqrt{74},所以面积之比为 [ABC][AED]=(474)2=837\dfrac{[ABC]}{[AED]}=\left(\dfrac4{\sqrt{74}}\right)^2=\dfrac8{37}\text{。} 因此 [ABC]=837352=14037[ABC]=\dfrac8{37}\cdot\dfrac{35}{2}=\dfrac{140}{37}\text{。}

所以正确答案是 D

Since the radius is 22 and BD=3,BD =3, we have AD=7.AD = 7. Since ED=5ED = 5 and the angle at DD is a right angle, the area of ADEADE is 572=352.\dfrac{5\cdot 7}{2} = \dfrac{35}{2} .

By the Pythagorean Theorem, AE=52+72=74.AE=\sqrt{5^2+7^2}=\sqrt{74}. Also, ACB\angle ACB is a right angle because ABAB is a diameter. The triangles share the angle at A,A, so ABCAED\triangle ABC\sim\triangle AED by angle-angle similarity.

Their corresponding hypotenuses are AB=4AB=4 and AE=74,AE=\sqrt{74}, so their area ratio is [ABC][AED]=(474)2=837.\dfrac{[ABC]}{[AED]}=\left(\dfrac4{\sqrt{74}}\right)^2=\dfrac8{37}. Therefore, [ABC]=837352=14037.[ABC]=\dfrac8{37}\cdot\dfrac{35}{2}=\dfrac{140}{37}.

Thus, the correct answer is D .

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