2021 AMC 10B Fall 第 22 题

先试着解答 2021 AMC 10B Fall 第 22 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2021 AMC 10B Fall 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

22.

对每个整数 n2,n\ge2,SnS_n 为所有乘积 jk,jk, 的和,其中 jjkk 是整数,且 1j<kn.1\le j<k\le n. 使 SnS_n 能被 3?3? 整除的最小 1010nn 值之和是多少?

For each integer n2,n\ge2, let SnS_n be the sum of all products jk,jk, where jj and kk are integers and 1j<kn.1\le j<k\le n. What is the sum of the 1010 least values of nn such that SnS_n is divisible by 3?3?

 196\ 196

 197\ 197

 198\ 198

 199\ 199

 200\ 200

答案:B
知识点:模运算求和找规律
难度评级:1950
解答:

Sn1S_{n-1}SnS_n,新加入的项为 jnjn,其中 1j<n1\le j\lt nn(1+2++(n1))=n2(n1)2. \begin{gathered} n(1+2+\cdots+(n-1))\\ =\frac{n^2(n-1)}2. \end{gathered}

33 看,这个增量为 00 的情形是 n0n\equiv01(mod3)1\pmod3,而增量为 22 的情形是 n2(mod3)n\equiv2\pmod3

因为 S2=2S_2=2,在第 33 次遇到与 2(mod3)2\pmod3 同余的数时,也就是 n=8n=8SnS_n 开始能被 33 整除。之后 n=8,9,10n=8,9,10 都满足,并且这个模式每隔 99nn 重复一次。

最小的十个值为 8,9,10,17,18,19,26,27,28,358,9,10,17,18,19,26,27,28,35。它们的和为 197197

所以答案是 B

When passing from Sn1S_{n-1} to Sn,S_n, the new terms are jnjn for 1j<n.1\le j\lt n. Their sum is n(1+2++(n1))=n2(n1)2. \begin{gathered} n(1+2+\cdots+(n-1))\\ =\frac{n^2(n-1)}2. \end{gathered}

Modulo 3,3, this increment is 00 when n0n\equiv0 or 1(mod3),1\pmod3, and is 22 when n2(mod3).n\equiv2\pmod3.

Since S2=2,S_2=2, the sequence becomes divisible by 33 after the third occurrence of a number congruent to 2(mod3),2\pmod3, namely at n=8.n=8. Then SnS_n stays divisible by 33 for n=8,9,10,n=8,9,10, and the same pattern repeats every 99 in n.n.

The ten least values are 8,9,10,17,18,19,26,27,28,35.8,9,10,17,18,19,26,27,28,35. Their sum is 197.197.

Thus, the answer is B .

← 第 21 题#21
完整试卷

其他年份的第 22 题