2013 AMC 10A 第 15 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

15.

一个三角形的两条边长为 10101515。到第三边的高的长度等于到这两条已知边的高的长度的平均数。第三边长是多少?

Two sides of a triangle have lengths 1010 and 15.15. The length of the altitude to the third side is the average of the lengths of the altitudes to the two given sides. How long is the third side?

66

88

99

1212

1818

答案:D
知识点:三角形面积高线比与比例
难度评级:1660
解答:

设边长 1010 的边对应的高为 h1h_1,另一条已知边对应的高为 h2h_2

同一三角形面积相同,所以 10h1=15h2 10h_1 = 15h_2 h1=32h2. h_1 = \dfrac{3}{2}h_2.

第三边对应的高是另外两个高的平均数,因此为 h2+32h22=54h2. \dfrac{h_2 + \frac{3}{2}h_2}{2} = \dfrac{5}{4}h_2.

设第三边长为 xx。由面积相等, 54h2x=15h2 \dfrac{5}{4}h_2x = 15h_2 x=12. x = 12.

所以正确答案是 D

Let h1h_1 be the length of the altitude to the side of length 1010 and similarly define h2h_2 for the other given side.

We have that 10h1=15h2 10h_1 = 15h_2 h1=32h2. h_1 = \dfrac{3}{2}h_2.

The third altitude is the average of the other two, which makes its length h2+32h22=54h2. \dfrac{h_2 + \frac{3}{2}h_2}{2} = \dfrac{5}{4}h_2.

Let the third side have length x.x. Then 54h2x=15h2 \dfrac{5}{4}h_2x = 15h_2 x=12. x = 12.

Thus, D is the correct answer.

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