2007 AMC 10B 第 8 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

8.

在这场 AMC 1010 编写会议结束返程时,竞赛主席注意到他的机场停车收据上的数字形如 bbcacbbcac,其中 0a<b<c90\le a\lt b\lt c\le 9,且 bbaacc 的平均数。有多少个不同的五位数满足所有这些性质?

On the trip home from the meeting where this AMC 1010 was constructed, the Contest Chair noted that his airport parking receipt had digits of the form bbcac,bbcac, where 0a<b<c9,0\le a\lt b\lt c\le 9, and bb was the average of aa and c.c. How many different five-digit numbers satisfy all these properties?

1212

1616

1818

2020

2424

答案:D
知识点:数字奇偶性组合
难度评级:1290
小提示:

条件 b=a+c2b=\dfrac{a+c}{2} 迫使 aacc 奇偶性相同。

The condition b=a+c2b=\dfrac{a+c}{2} forces aa and cc to have the same parity

大提示:

分别在偶数数字和奇数数字中数出 a<ca\lt c 的配对;每对都唯一确定 bb

Count pairs a<ca\lt c among the even digits and among the odd digits; each pair fixes bb

解答:

一旦选定 aaccb=a+c2b=\dfrac{a+c}{2} 就确定,且 a<b<ca\lt b\lt c 自动成立。为了使 bb 为整数,aacc 必须同奇偶。

{0,2,4,6,8}\{0,2,4,6,8\} 中选两个,有 (52)=10\binom{5}{2}=10 对;从 {1,3,5,7,9}\{1,3,5,7,9\} 中选两个,又有 1010 对。

因此共有 2020 个符合条件的五位数。

所以正确答案是 D

Once aa and cc are chosen, b=a+c2b=\dfrac{a+c}{2} is determined, and a<b<ca\lt b\lt c holds automatically. For bb to be an integer, aa and cc must share parity.

Choosing two even digits from {0,2,4,6,8}\{0,2,4,6,8\} gives (52)=10\binom{5}{2}=10 pairs, and choosing two odd digits from {1,3,5,7,9}\{1,3,5,7,9\} gives another 10.10.

This yields 2020 valid numbers.

Thus, the correct answer is D.

第 7 题#7
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