2004 AMC 10B 第 21 题

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21.

1,4,1, 4, \ldots9,16,9, 16, \ldots 是两个等差数列。集合 SS 是这两个数列各自前 20042004 项的并集。SS 中有多少个不同的数?

Let 1,4,1, 4, \ldots and 9,16,9, 16, \ldots be two arithmetic progressions. The set SS is the union of the first 20042004 terms of each sequence. How many distinct numbers are in S?S?

37223722

37323732

39143914

39243924

40074007

答案:A
知识点:等差数列最小公倍数容斥原理
难度评级:1740
解答:

第一个数列为 1+3k1 + 3k,最大项为 60106010。第二个数列为 9+7j9 + 7j,其最后一项更大,所以公共项上界由 60106010 限制。

公共项形如 16+21m16 + 21m,因为第一个公共项为 1616,且 lcm(3,7)=21\mathrm{lcm}(3, 7) = 21。由 16+21m601016 + 21m \le 60100m2850 \le m \le 285,共有 286286 个公共项。

因此不同数的个数为 2004+2004286=37222004 + 2004 - 286 = 3722

所以正确答案是 A

The first sequence is 1+3k1 + 3k with largest term 6010,6010, and the second is 9+7j9 + 7j with a much larger last term, so the binding limit is 6010.6010.

A common value has the form 16+21m16 + 21m (the first shared term is 16,16, spaced by lcm(3,7)=21\mathrm{lcm}(3, 7) = 21). Requiring 16+21m601016 + 21m \le 6010 gives 0m285,0 \le m \le 285, that is 286286 common numbers.

The number of distinct values is 2004+2004286=3722.2004 + 2004 - 286 = 3722.

Thus, the correct answer is A.

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