2025 AMC 10B 第 18 题

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18.

求和 1+2+3\lfloor\sqrt{1}\rfloor + \lfloor\sqrt{2}\rfloor + \lfloor\sqrt{3}\rfloor ++2024+ \cdots + \lfloor\sqrt{2024}\rfloor +2025+ \lfloor\sqrt{2025}\rfloor 的个位数字是多少?(记 x\lfloor x \rfloor 为小于或等于 xx 的最大整数。)

What is the ones digit of the sum 1+2+3\lfloor\sqrt{1}\rfloor + \lfloor\sqrt{2}\rfloor + \lfloor\sqrt{3}\rfloor ++2024+ \cdots + \lfloor\sqrt{2024}\rfloor +2025?+ \lfloor\sqrt{2025}\rfloor? (Recall that x\lfloor x \rfloor denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to x.x.)

11

22

33

55

88

答案:D
知识点:取整函数前n项平方和
难度评级:1730
解答:

对每个 mmn=m\lfloor\sqrt{n}\rfloor = m 时,对应的 2m+12m + 1 个整数满足 m2n(m+1)21m^2 \le n \le (m + 1)^2 - 1 因为 2025=45\sqrt{2025} = 45 所以 1m441 \le m \le 44 的项贡献 m=144m(2m+1)\sum_{m=1}^{44} m(2m + 1) 再加上 n=2025n = 2025 对应的 4545 这个和为 m=144(2m2+m)\sum_{m=1}^{44}(2m^2 + m) =24445896= 2 \cdot \tfrac{44 \cdot 45 \cdot 89}{6} +44452=58740+ \tfrac{44 \cdot 45}{2} = 58740 +990=59730+ 990 = 59730 所以总和是 5977559775 个位数字为 55 因此正确答案是 D

For each m,m, n=m\lfloor\sqrt{n}\rfloor = m on the 2m+12m + 1 integers m2n(m+1)21.m^2 \le n \le (m + 1)^2 - 1. Since 2025=45,\sqrt{2025} = 45, the terms with 1m441 \le m \le 44 contribute m=144m(2m+1),\sum_{m=1}^{44} m(2m + 1), and n=2025n = 2025 tacks on 45.45. That sum is m=144(2m2+m)\sum_{m=1}^{44}(2m^2 + m) =24445896= 2 \cdot \tfrac{44 \cdot 45 \cdot 89}{6} +44452=58740+ \tfrac{44 \cdot 45}{2} = 58740 +990=59730,+ 990 = 59730, so the total is 59775.59775. Its ones digit is 5.5. Therefore, the answer is D.

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