2018 AMC 10A 第 9 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

9.

下图中的所有三角形都与等腰三角形 ABCABC 相似,其中 AB=ACAB=AC77 个最小三角形的面积均为 11,而 ABC\triangle ABC 的面积为 4040。梯形 DBCEDBCE 的面积是多少?

All of the triangles in the diagram below are similar to isosceles triangle ABC,ABC, in which AB=AC.AB=AC. Each of the 77 smallest triangles has area 1,1, and ABC\triangle ABC has area 40.40. What is the area of trapezoid DBCE?DBCE?

1616

1818

2020

2222

2424

答案:E
知识点:相似面积比
难度评级:1420
解答:

由相似三角形可知,小三角形的边长是大三角形对应边长的 140\sqrt{\frac{1}{40}} 倍。

因此,ADE\triangle ADE 的边长是大三角形对应边长的 41404\sqrt{\frac{1}{40}} 倍。

两者的面积比为 (4140)2=16140=25. \left(4\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{40}}\right)^2 = 16 \cdot \dfrac{1}{40} = \dfrac{2}{5}.

所以 ADE\triangle ADE 的面积为 2540=16\frac{2}{5} \cdot 40 = 16,梯形的面积为 4016=2440 - 16 = 24

因此正确答案是 E

We know that the side length of the smaller triangles is 140\sqrt{\frac{1}{40}} times the length of the larger triangle from similar triangles.

Then the side length of ADE\triangle ADE is 41404\sqrt{\frac{1}{40}} times the length of the side length of the larger triangle.

This makes the ratio of the areas (4140)2=16140=25. \left(4\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{40}}\right)^2 = 16 \cdot \dfrac{1}{40} = \dfrac{2}{5}.

Therefore, the area of ADE\triangle ADE is 2540=16.\frac{2}{5} \cdot 40 = 16. The area of the trapezoid is then 4016=24.40 - 16 = 24.

Thus, E is the correct answer.

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