2000 AMC 10 第 25 题

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25.

NN 年中,这一年的第 300300 天是星期二。在 N+1N + 1 年中,第 200200 天也是星期二。那么 N1N - 1 年的第 100100 天是星期几?

In year N,N, the 300300th day of the year is a Tuesday. In year N+1,N + 1, the 200200th day is also a Tuesday. On what day of the week did the 100100th day of year N1N - 1 occur?

星期四

Thursday

星期五

Friday

星期六

Saturday

星期日

Sunday

星期一

Monday

答案:A
知识点:日期与时间模运算
难度评级:1860
解答:

NN 年第 300300 天到 N+1N + 1 年第 200200 天相隔 (L300)+200(L - 300) + 200 天,其中 LLNN 年的天数。若 NN 不是闰年,相隔 2656(mod7)265 \equiv 6 \pmod 7 天;若 NN 是闰年,相隔 266=738266 = 7 \cdot 38 天。

所以 N1N - 1 年和 N+1N + 1 年都不是闰年。

N1N - 1 年第 100100 天比 NN 年第 300300 天早 (365100)+300=565(365 - 100) + 300 = 565 天。由于 565=780+5565 = 7 \cdot 80 + 5,它比星期二早 55 天,也就是星期四。

所以正确答案是 A

From day 300300 of year NN to day 200200 of year N+1N + 1 is (L300)+200(L - 300) + 200 days, where LL is the length of year N.N. If NN were not a leap year, this is 2656(mod7),265 \equiv 6 \pmod 7, giving a Monday, not a Tuesday. So year NN is a leap year, and the count is 266=738,266 = 7 \cdot 38, consistent with Tuesday.

Then years N1N - 1 and N+1N + 1 are not leap years.

The 100100th day of year N1N - 1 precedes the Tuesday (day 300300 of year NN) by (365100)+300=565(365 - 100) + 300 = 565 days. Since 565=780+5,565 = 7 \cdot 80 + 5, that day is 55 days earlier in the week than Tuesday, which is a Thursday.

Thus, the correct answer is A.

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