1956 AMC 12 第 49 题

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49.

三角形 PABPAB 由圆 OO 的三条切线围成,且 APB=40\angle APB=40^\circ;则角 AOBAOB 等于:

Triangle PABPAB is formed by three tangents to circle OO and APB=40;\angle APB=40^\circ; then angle AOBAOB equals:

4545^\circ

5050^\circ

5555^\circ

6060^\circ

7070^\circ

答案:E
知识点:excircleangle bisectorstriangle angles
难度评级:2030
小提示:

该圆与三角形 PABPAB 的一条边以及另外两条边的延长线相切,所以 OOPP 所对的旁心

The circle is tangent to one side of triangle PABPAB and the extensions of the other two, so OO is the excenter opposite PP

大提示:

AABB 处的外角平分线所成的角为 9012P90^\circ-\frac12\angle P

The external angle bisectors at AA and BB form an angle of 9012P90^\circ-\frac12\angle P

解答:

圆位于边 ABAB 的另一侧,与顶点 PP 相对,所以 OOPP 所对的旁心。因此,AOAOBOBO 分别平分 AABB 处的外角。若 AABB 处的内角分别为 α\alphaβ\beta,则三角形 AOBAOBAABB 处的角分别为 90α290^\circ-\frac{\alpha}{2}90β290^\circ-\frac{\beta}{2}。因此 AOB=180(90α2)=(90β2)=α+β2=180402=70 \begin{aligned} \angle AOB &=180^\circ-\left(90^\circ-\frac\alpha2\right)\\ &\mathrel{\phantom{=}}-\left(90^\circ-\frac\beta2\right)\\ &=\frac{\alpha+\beta}{2} =\frac{180^\circ-40^\circ}{2}\\ &=70^\circ \end{aligned}\text{。}

因此,正确答案是 E

The circle lies opposite PP across side AB,AB, so OO is the excenter opposite P.P. Thus AOAO and BOBO bisect the exterior angles at AA and B.B. If the interior angles at AA and BB are α\alpha and β,\beta, then triangle AOBAOB has angles 90α290^\circ-\frac{\alpha}{2} and 90β290^\circ-\frac{\beta}{2} at AA and B.B. Hence AOB=180(90α2)=(90β2)=α+β2=180402=70. \begin{aligned} \angle AOB &=180^\circ-\left(90^\circ-\frac\alpha2\right)\\ &\mathrel{\phantom{=}}-\left(90^\circ-\frac\beta2\right)\\ &=\frac{\alpha+\beta}{2} =\frac{180^\circ-40^\circ}{2}\\ &=70^\circ. \end{aligned}

Thus, the correct answer is E.

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