1956 AMC 12 第 47 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

47.

一位工程师说,凭现有的某种机器,他可以在 33 天内完成一段公路工程。然而,若再增加 33 台同类机器,工程可在 22 天内完成。若所有机器的工作效率相同,一台机器单独完成这项工程需要多少天?

An engineer said he could finish a highway section in 33 days with his present supply of a certain type of machine. However, with 33 more of these machines the job could be done in 22 days. If the machines all work at the same rate, how many days would it take to do the job with one machine?

66

1212

1515

1818

3636

答案:D
知识点:work ratesinverse proportion一次方程
难度评级:1490
小提示:

设现有机器数为 mm,并用“机器·天”表示工作量

Let mm be the present number of machines and measure work in machine-days

大提示:

3m3m 等于 2(m+3)2(m+3)

Equate 3m3m with 2(m+3)2(m+3)

解答:

若现有 mm 台机器,则这项工程需要 3m3m 个机器·天。增加三台机器后,需要 2(m+3)2(m+3) 个机器·天,所以 3m=2(m+3) 3m=2(m+3)\text{,}解得 m=6m=6。因此,这项工程需要 3m=183m=18 个机器·天,一台机器单独完成需要 1818 天。

因此,正确答案是 D

If there are presently mm machines, the job requires 3m3m machine-days. With three more machines it requires 2(m+3)2(m+3) machine-days, so 3m=2(m+3), 3m=2(m+3), giving m=6.m=6. The job therefore requires 3m=183m=18 machine-days, so one machine would take 1818 days.

Thus, the correct answer is D.

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