2021 AMC 10B Fall 第 25 题

先试着解答 2021 AMC 10B Fall 第 25 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2021 AMC 10B Fall 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

25.

一个边长为 1133 的矩形、一个边长为 11 的正方形,以及一个矩形 RR 按图所示内接于一个更大的正方形中。矩形 RR 面积的所有可能值之和可写成 mn\tfrac mn,其中 mmnn 为互质正整数。求 m+nm+n

A rectangle with side lengths 11 and 3,3, a square with side length 1,1, and a rectangle RR are inscribed inside a larger square as shown. The sum of all possible values for the area of RR can be written in the form mn,\tfrac mn, where mm and nn are relatively prime positive integers. What is m+n?m+n?

1414

2323

4646

5959

6767

答案:E
知识点:相似正方形(几何)二次方程
难度评级:2480
解答:

如图使用相似三角形。大正方形的两条边长分别为 4x+2y4x+2y3y+x3y+x,所以 3y+x=4x+2y3y+x=4x+2y,得到 y=3xy=3x,大正方形边长为 10x10x

在图形上部,设标出的水平线段为 mm。矩形 RR 两侧形成的两个直角三角形具有平行的对应边和相等的斜边,因此全等,由此得到下图标出的长度。

由相似三角形, 因而 6xmm2=12x2xm6xm-m^2=12x^2-xm,所以 m3x=4xm36xm.\frac{m}{3x}=\frac{4x-\frac m3}{6x-m}. m27xm+12x2=0=(m3x)(m4x). \begin{gathered} m^2-7xm+12x^2=0\\ =(m-3x)(m-4x). \end{gathered}

大正方形边长为前面求出的长度。若 m=3xm=3x,矩形 RR 的两边均为 32x3\sqrt2x,面积为 18x218x^2;若 m=4xm=4x,两边为 5x5x103x\frac{10}{3}x,面积为 503x2\frac{50}{3}x^2

两个可能面积之和为 1043x2\frac{104}{3}x^2。由 1×31\times3 矩形可知 x2+(3x)2=1x^2+(3x)^2=1,所以 x2=110x^2=\frac1{10}。因此面积和为 1043110=5215.\frac{104}{3}\cdot\frac1{10}=\frac{52}{15}.

于是 m+n=52+15=67m+n=52+15=67,正确答案是 E

Use similar triangles as shown in the diagram. The left side of the large square has length 4x+2y,4x+2y, and the bottom side has length 3y+x.3y+x. Since these are equal, 3y+x=4x+2y,3y+x=4x+2y, so y=3x.y=3x. The side length of the large square is therefore 10x.10x.

In the upper part of the figure, let the marked horizontal segment be m.m. The two right triangles formed by the sides of rectangle RR have parallel corresponding sides and equal hypotenuses, so they are congruent. This gives the lengths shown below.

Similar triangles give m3x=4xm36xm.\frac{m}{3x}=\frac{4x-\frac m3}{6x-m}. Hence 6xmm2=12x2xm,6xm-m^2=12x^2-xm, so m27xm+12x2=0=(m3x)(m4x). \begin{gathered} m^2-7xm+12x^2=0\\ =(m-3x)(m-4x). \end{gathered}

If m=3x,m=3x, rectangle RR has side length 32x3\sqrt2x in both directions, so its area is 18x2.18x^2. If m=4x,m=4x, its side lengths are 5x5x and 103x,\frac{10}{3}x, so its area is 503x2.\frac{50}{3}x^2.

The two possible areas sum to 1043x2.\frac{104}{3}x^2. Since the 1×31\times3 rectangle gives x2+(3x)2=1,x^2+(3x)^2=1, we have x2=110.x^2=\frac1{10}. The sum of the possible areas is 1043110=5215.\frac{104}{3}\cdot\frac1{10}=\frac{52}{15}.

Thus m+n=52+15=67,m+n=52+15=67, and the answer is E .

← 第 24 题#24
完整试卷

其他年份的第 25 题