2021 AMC 10B Fall 第 21 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

21.

边数为 55667788 的正多边形内接于同一个圆。任意两个多边形不共用顶点,并且没有三条边交于同一点。在圆内部,有多少个点是其中两个多边形的边的交点?

Regular polygons with 5,5, 6,6, 7,7, and 88 sides are inscribed in the same circle. No two of the polygons share a vertex, and no three of their sides intersect at a common point. At how many points inside the circle do two of their sides intersect?

5252

5656

6060

6464

6868

答案:E
知识点:交点计数正多边形数对计数
难度评级:2110
解答:

对内接同圆且无共点顶点的正 kk 边形和正 nn 边形,其中 k<nk\lt n,它们的边界相交于 2k2k 个点。

较小多边形的每条边会被较大多边形边界穿过两次。55 边形与各较大多边形分别贡献 252\cdot5 个交点,对应的边数为 66778866 边形与各较大多边形分别贡献 262\cdot6 个交点,对应的边数为 778877 边形贡献 272\cdot7 个交点,对应边数为 88

对所有多边形对求和。 3(10)+2(12)+14=68.3(10)+2(12)+14=68.

所以正确答案是 E

For a regular kk-gon and a regular nn-gon inscribed in the same circle with k<nk\lt n and no shared vertices, their boundaries intersect in 2k2k points. Each side of the smaller polygon is crossed twice by the boundary of the larger polygon.

Therefore, sum over all pairs of polygons. The 55-gon contributes 252\cdot5 intersections with each of the 66-, 77-, and 88-gons. The 66-gon contributes 262\cdot6 intersections with each of the 77- and 88-gons. The 77-gon contributes 272\cdot7 with the 88-gon.

The total is 3(10)+2(12)+14=68.3(10)+2(12)+14=68.

Thus, the answer is E .

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