2020 AMC 10B 第 9 题

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所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

9.

有多少个整数有序对 (x,y)(x, y) 满足 ? x2020+y2=2y?x^{2020}+y^2=2y?

How many ordered pairs of integers (x,y)(x, y) satisfy the equation x2020+y2=2y?x^{2020}+y^2=2y?

11

22

33

44

无限多个

infinitely many

答案:D
知识点:丢番图方程配方法极限情形界定
难度评级:1070
解答:

移项并配方: 因为 (y1)20(y-1)^2\ge 0,所以 x20201x^{2020}\le 1。由于 xx 是整数,只可能有 x=1,0,1x=-1,0,1x2020+y2=2yx2020+(y1)2=1. \begin{aligned} &x^{2020}+y^2=2y \\ &\quad \Longrightarrow x^{2020}+(y-1)^2=1. \end{aligned}

x=±1x=\pm1,则 (y1)2=0(y-1)^2=0,所以 y=1y=1。若 x=0x=0,则 (y1)2=1(y-1)^2=1,所以 y=0y=022。共有 44 个有序对。

所以正确答案是 D

Move all terms to one side and complete the square: x2020+y2=2yx2020+(y1)2=1. \begin{aligned} &x^{2020}+y^2=2y \\ &\quad \Longrightarrow x^{2020}+(y-1)^2=1. \end{aligned} Because (y1)20,(y-1)^2\ge 0, we must have x20201.x^{2020}\le 1. Since xx is an integer, x=1,0,1.x=-1,0,1.

If x=±1,x=\pm1, then (y1)2=0,(y-1)^2=0, so y=1.y=1. If x=0,x=0, then (y1)2=1,(y-1)^2=1, so y=0y=0 or 2.2. This gives 44 ordered pairs.

Thus, D is the correct answer.

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