2017 AMC 10B 第 22 题

先试着解答 2017 AMC 10B 第 22 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2017 AMC 10B 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

22.

半径为 22 的圆的直径 AB‾\overline{AB} 延长到圆外一点 DD,使 BD=3BD=3。点 EE 满足 ED=5ED=5,且直线 EDED 垂直于直线 ADAD。线段 AE‾\overline{AE} 与圆交于位于 AA 和 EE 之间的点 CC。求 △ABC\triangle ABC 的面积。
The diameter AB‾\overline{AB} of a circle of radius 22 is extended to a point DD outside the circle so that BD=3.BD=3. Point EE is chosen so that ED=5ED=5 and line EDED is perpendicular to line AD.AD. Segment AE‾\overline{AE} intersects the circle at a point CC between AA and E.E. What is the area of △ABC?\triangle ABC?
12037\dfrac{120}{37}
14039\dfrac{140}{39}
14539\dfrac{145}{39}
14037\dfrac{140}{37}
12031\dfrac{120}{31}
答案:D
知识点:圆周角相似面积比
小提示:
利用半圆所对的圆周角得到一个直角三角形。
Use the semicircle angle to get a right triangle
大提示:
通过相似比较 △ABC\triangle ABC 和 △AED\triangle AED。
Compare △ABC\triangle ABC and △AED\triangle AED by similarity
解答:
因为半径为 22,且 BD=3BD =3,所以 AD=7AD = 7。由于 ED=5ED = 5,且 DD 处角为直角,ADEADE 的面积为 5⋅72=352\dfrac{5\cdot 7}{2} = \dfrac{35}{2} 。
由勾股定理,AE=52+72=74AE=\sqrt{5^2+7^2}=\sqrt{74}。又因为 ABAB 是直径,所以 ∠ACB\angle ACB 是直角。两个三角形共用 AA 处的角,因此由角角相似可知 △ABC∼△AED\triangle ABC\sim\triangle AED。
它们对应的斜边分别是 AB=4AB=4 和 AE=74AE=\sqrt{74},所以面积之比为 [ABC][AED]=(474)2=837。\dfrac{[ABC]}{[AED]}=\left(\dfrac4{\sqrt{74}}\right)^2=\dfrac8{37}\text{。} 因此 [ABC]=837⋅352=14037。[ABC]=\dfrac8{37}\cdot\dfrac{35}{2}=\dfrac{140}{37}\text{。}
所以正确答案是 D。
Since the radius is 22 and BD=3,BD =3, we have AD=7.AD = 7. Since ED=5ED = 5 and the angle at DD is a right angle, the area of ADEADE is 5⋅72=352.\dfrac{5\cdot 7}{2} = \dfrac{35}{2} .
By the Pythagorean Theorem, AE=52+72=74.AE=\sqrt{5^2+7^2}=\sqrt{74}. Also, ∠ACB\angle ACB is a right angle because ABAB is a diameter. The triangles share the angle at A,A, so △ABC∼△AED\triangle ABC\sim\triangle AED by angle-angle similarity.
Their corresponding hypotenuses are AB=4AB=4 and AE=74,AE=\sqrt{74}, so their area ratio is [ABC][AED]=(474)2=837.\dfrac{[ABC]}{[AED]}=\left(\dfrac4{\sqrt{74}}\right)^2=\dfrac8{37}. Therefore, [ABC]=837⋅352=14037.[ABC]=\dfrac8{37}\cdot\dfrac{35}{2}=\dfrac{140}{37}.
Thus, the correct answer is D .
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