2015 AMC 10A 第 9 题

先试着解答 2015 AMC 10A 第 9 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2015 AMC 10A 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

9.

两个直圆柱体体积相同。第二个圆柱体的半径比第一个多 10%10\%。两个圆柱体的高之间有什么关系?
Two right circular cylinders have the same volume. The radius of the second cylinder is 10%10\% more than the radius of the first. What is the relationship between the heights of the two cylinders?
第二个高比第一个少 10%10\%。
The second height is 10%10\% less than the first.
第一个高比第二个多 10%10\%。
The first height is 10%10\% more than the second.
第二个高比第一个少 21%21\%。
The second height is 21%21\% less than the first.
第一个高比第二个多 21%21\%。
The first height is 21%21\% more than the second.
第二个高是第一个的 80%80\%。
The second height is 80%80\% of the first.
答案:D
知识点:圆柱体积百分数
小提示:
体积相等意味着高按半径变化平方的倒数变化。
Equal volumes mean height changes by the reciprocal square of the radius change
大提示:
使用 h2=h1(1.1)2h_2=\frac{h_1}{(1.1)^2}。
Use h2=h1(1.1)2h_2=\frac{h_1}{(1.1)^2}
解答:
设两个圆柱的半径和高分别为 r1r_1、h1h_1 与 r2r_2、h2h_2。
已知 r2=1110r1 r_2 = \dfrac{11}{10}r_1 且 πr12h1=πr22h2。 \pi r_1^2h_1 = \pi r_2^2h_2\text{。}
代入并化简,得到 r12h1=121100r12h2, r_1^2h_1 = \dfrac{121}{100}r_1^2h_2\text{,}这告诉我们 h1=121100h2。 h_1 = \dfrac{121}{100}h_2\text{。}
所以正确答案是 D。
Let r1r_1 and h1h_1 be the radius and height of the first cylinder and similarly define r2r_2 and h2h_2 for the second cylinder.
We know that r2=1110r1 r_2 = \dfrac{11}{10}r_1 and πr12h1=πr22h2. \pi r_1^2h_1 = \pi r_2^2h_2.
Substituting and simplifying gives us r12h1=121100r12h2, r_1^2h_1 = \dfrac{121}{100}r_1^2h_2, which tells us that h1=121100h2. h_1 = \dfrac{121}{100}h_2.
Thus, D is the correct answer.
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