2013 AMC 10A 第 25 题

先试着解答 2013 AMC 10A 第 25 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2013 AMC 10A 解答,或核对答案。

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

25.

在一个正八边形中画出全部 2020 条对角线。在八边形内部,不在边界上的位置,有多少个不同的点是两条或更多对角线的交点?
All 2020 diagonals are drawn in a regular octagon. At how many distinct points in the interior of the octagon (not on the boundary) do two or more diagonals intersect?
4949
6565
7070
9696
128128
答案:A
知识点:交点计数正多边形组合
小提示:
先从由四个顶点确定的 (84)\binom84 个交点开始。
Start with (84)\binom84 intersections from four vertices
大提示:
再修正中心点和另外八个三线共点的位置。
Correct for the center and the eight other triple-concurrence points
解答:
若没有三条对角线共点,每选 44 个顶点会确定一个内部交点,共 (84)=70\binom84=70 个。
通过对顶点的 44 条长对角线都在中心相交。中心原本被数了 (42)=6\binom42=6 次,但应只数一次,所以减去 55。
另外还有 88 个对称位置各有 33 条对角线共点。每个位置原本被数 (32)=3\binom32=3 次,但应只数一次,所以再减去 8(3−1)=168(3-1)=16。
不同内部交点数为 70−5−16=4970-5-16=49。
所以正确答案是 A。
If no three diagonals were concurrent, each choice of 44 vertices would determine one interior intersection, giving (84)=70\binom84=70.
The 44 long diagonals through opposite vertices all meet at the center, so the center was counted (42)=6\binom42=6 times and should be counted once. Subtract 55.
There are also 88 symmetric points where 33 diagonals meet. Each was counted (32)=3\binom32=3 times and should be counted once, so subtract 8(3−1)=168(3-1)=16.
The number of distinct interior intersection points is 70−5−16=4970-5-16=49.
Thus, A is the correct answer.
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