2012 AMC 10A 第 22 题

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22.

mm 个正奇数的和比前 nn 个正偶数的和多 212212。所有可能的 nn 的和是多少?

The sum of the first mm positive odd integers is 212212 more than the sum of the first nn positive even integers. What is the sum of all possible values of n?n?

255255

256256

257257

258258

259259

答案:A
知识点:求和平方差丢番图方程
难度评级:2260
解答:

mm 个正奇数之和为 m2m^2,前 nn 个正偶数之和为 n(n+1)n(n+1)。因此 m2=n(n+1)+212m^2=n(n+1)+212

把它看成关于 nn 的二次方程,判别式为 14(212m2)=4m28471-4(212-m^2)=4m^2-847,必须是一个奇平方数。设 p2=4m2847p^2=4m^2-847,则 (2m+p)(2mp)=847(2m+p)(2m-p)=847

847847 的正因数配对为 8471847\cdot11217121\cdot7771177\cdot11。它们分别给出 p=423,57,33p=423,57,33

因为 n=1+p2n=\dfrac{-1+p}{2},所以 nn 的可能值为 211,28,16211,28,16,它们的和为 255255

所以正确答案是 A

The first mm positive odd integers sum to m2m^2, and the first nn positive even integers sum to n(n+1)n(n+1). Thus m2=n(n+1)+212m^2=n(n+1)+212.

As a quadratic in nn, this has discriminant 14(212m2)=4m28471-4(212-m^2)=4m^2-847, which must be an odd square. Let p2=4m2847p^2=4m^2-847. Then (2m+p)(2mp)=847(2m+p)(2m-p)=847.

The positive factor pairs of 847847 are 8471847\cdot1, 1217121\cdot7, and 771177\cdot11. They give p=423,57,33p=423,57,33, respectively.

Because n=1+p2n=\dfrac{-1+p}{2}, the possible values of nn are 211,28,16211,28,16. Their sum is 255255.

Thus, A is the correct answer.

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