2010 AMC 10B 第 25 题

先试着解答 2010 AMC 10B 第 25 题,然后核对你的答案与精心整理的解答,解答来自 LIVE by Po-Shen Loh。你也可以参加完整限时模拟考试、查看全部 2010 AMC 10B 解答,或核对答案

所有题目均经美国数学协会(MAA)官方合法授权使用。

25.

a>0a \gt 0,且 P(x)P(x) 是一个整系数多项式,满足 并且 aa 的最小可能值是多少? P(1)=P(3)=P(5)=P(7)=a, \begin{aligned} P(1) &= P(3) \\ &= P(5) = P(7) = a, \end{aligned} P(2)=P(4)=P(6)=P(8)P(2) = P(4) = P(6) = P(8) =a.= -a.

Let a>0,a \gt 0, and let P(x)P(x) be a polynomial with integer coefficients such that P(1)=P(3)=P(5)=P(7)=a, \begin{aligned} P(1) &= P(3) \\ &= P(5) = P(7) = a, \end{aligned} and P(2)=P(4)=P(6)=P(8)P(2) = P(4) = P(6) = P(8) =a.= -a. What is the smallest possible value of a?a?

105105

315315

945945

7!7!

8!8!

答案:B
知识点:多项式整除性最小公倍数
难度评级:2350
解答:

因为 1,3,5,71,3,5,7P(x)aP(x)-a 的根,可写成 P(x)a=(x1)(x3)P(x)-a=(x-1)(x-3) (x5)(x7)Q(x)\cdot(x-5)(x-7)Q(x),其中 Q(x)Q(x) 也有整数系数。

代入 x=2,4,6,8x=2,4,6,8,得到 2a=15Q(2)-2a=-15Q(2) =9Q(4)=9Q(4) =15Q(6)=-15Q(6) =105Q(8)=105Q(8)。因此 aa 必须是 lcm(15,9,105)=315\operatorname{lcm}(15,9,105)=315 的倍数。

这个下界可以达到:取 Q(x)=42Q(x)=42 +(x2)(x6)(608x)+(x-2)(x-6)(60-8x),并定义 P(x)=315P(x)=315 +(x1)(x3)+(x-1)(x-3) (x5)(x7)Q(x)\cdot(x-5)(x-7)Q(x)。该多项式有整数系数并满足所有要求。

所以正确答案是 B

Because 1,3,5,71,3,5,7 are roots of P(x)aP(x)-a, write P(x)a=(x1)(x3)P(x)-a=(x-1)(x-3) (x5)(x7)Q(x)\cdot(x-5)(x-7)Q(x), where Q(x)Q(x) has integer coefficients.

Substituting x=2,4,6,8x=2,4,6,8 gives 2a=15Q(2)-2a=-15Q(2) =9Q(4)=9Q(4) =15Q(6)=-15Q(6) =105Q(8)=105Q(8). Hence aa must be a multiple of lcm(15,9,105)=315\operatorname{lcm}(15,9,105)=315.

This lower bound is attainable: take Q(x)=42Q(x)=42 +(x2)(x6)(608x)+(x-2)(x-6)(60-8x) and define P(x)=315P(x)=315 +(x1)(x3)+(x-1)(x-3) (x5)(x7)Q(x)\cdot(x-5)(x-7)Q(x). This polynomial has integer coefficients and satisfies the required values.

Thus, B is the correct answer.

← 第 24 题#24
完整试卷

其他年份的第 25 题